Clear definitions for every bollard term you’ll meet on this site

HVM Bollard Glossary is a quick definitions of HVM bollard terms. Jump to a letter.

A

A-weighting
A standard frequency weighting applied to sound measurements to reflect human hearing sensitivity. Results are typically reported as dBA. Used for compliance noise tests.

Synonyms: —

See also
Acceptance band

An acceptance band is a tolerance window (e.g., gap or level) used for compliance checks. Record in the ITP and relevant SAT steps.

Synonyms: acceptance range

See also
Acceptance band (dimensions)
A documented tolerance window for geometry/materials that keeps the installation within the certified configuration or variant window.

Synonyms: tolerance band

See also
Acceptance criteria
Numeric thresholds and bands used to declare a test step pass/fail (e.g., timings, indications). Complements the ITP and script steps.

Synonyms: pass/fail criteria

See also
acceptance evidence pack
An organized bundle of certificates, drawings, SAT records, photos, and KPI results demonstrating compliance with the specification and approvals.

Synonyms: acceptance pack

See also
Acceptance mock-up
A short, representative run of bollards installed to verify glare, cleaning effort, and visibility before production orders.

Synonyms: on-site mock-up; trial installation

See also
Access Control List (ACL)
A rule set in an ACS/VMS that permits or denies actions (e.g., open lane, view camera) for roles or devices. Keep ACLs versioned and auditable.

Synonyms: —

See also
Access window (deliveries)
A scheduled period for legitimate vehicles to enter via removable or automatic lanes. Defined with mode rules and stewarding.

Synonyms: delivery window

See also
Accessory power

Low-power circuits feeding indicators and accessories associated with the bollard array.

Synonyms: aux power

See also
Accountable owner
Named role in a RACI. The accountable owner ensures the task is completed and the decision stands, even if others are responsible for doing the work.

Synonyms: decision owner

See also
Accumulator pre-charge
The initial gas pressure (often temperature-corrected) that ensures the accumulator delivers the required hydraulic energy for EFO.

Synonyms: precharge

See also
Accuracy class (utilities)
A quality level indicating how certain a utility’s mapped position/depth is; drives design buffers and when to schedule proving pits.

Synonyms: quality level

See also
ACL (access control list)
A configuration list that explicitly permits approved hosts, users, or functions while blocking others. Use ACLs on gateways and PLCs to limit writes.

Synonyms: allow-list

See also
Acoustic lining
Internal sound-damping panels that reduce noise from HPUs/fans to meet site acoustic limits.

Synonyms: sound lining

See also
ACS (Access Control System)

Systems that authenticate and authorize vehicles/users before bollard movement is allowed.

Synonyms: access control

See also
Active Security Bollard

A vehicle security bollard with movable parts that opens/closes a passageway. It may be manual or automated (e.g., power-operated retractable/rising bollards) and integrates with safety and control equipment.

Synonyms: active bollard; automatic bollard

See also
Addenda control (tender)
Addenda control manages versioned updates to tender documents and responses, ensuring a single source of truth. Each addendum cites deltas, affected sections, and a Release ID, aligning with change control & versioning practices.

Synonyms: Addendum management · Tender change control

See also
Addendum evidence
Supplementary reports, simulations, or letters that extend certificate coverage to minor changes not in the original as-tested configuration.

Synonyms: addendum certificate

See also
Address/point list
A consolidated table of all signals (digital/analog), addresses, ranges/units, and how each point is tested. Links to I/O list template and terminal mapping.

Synonyms: point list; address map

See also
Administrative header
The identification block on a controlled document: project/site IDs, release ID, status, date, and owner. It anchors traceability for all revisions and submissions.

Synonyms: doc header

See also
Advance payment guarantee
A financial guarantee that secures an advance; amounts reduce as deliverables are met or goods are delivered.

Synonyms: APG

See also
After-action review (AAR)
A focused review held soon after an event to document successes, near-misses, and changes required to layouts or controls.

Synonyms: post-event review

See also
Airside (airport)
Airport areas past security where only authorized vehicles/personnel can operate. Interfaces with landside at security portals and service yards.

Synonyms: —

See also
Alarm banner
A persistent strip at the top of the HMI that displays the most critical active alarm with a short code and action hint.

Synonyms: alarm header

See also
Alarm flood
A burst of alarms during an incident that exceeds the operator’s handling capacity. Mitigations: first-out capture, deduplication, and suppression.

Synonyms: flooding

See also
Alarm latency
Define and test alarm latency as part of acceptance (631–632, 638). Slow paths risk delayed operator response.

Synonyms: alert delay

See also
Alarm philosophy

Design of alarm types, priorities, latching, and operator actions to minimize nuisance and missed events.

Synonyms: alarm strategy

See also
Alarm priority class
A site-specific tier (e.g., Class A/B/C) that defines latching, escalation, and response time for each alarmed point.

Synonyms: alarm tier

See also
Alarm rationalization
A structured review of alarms to set priorities, wording, and shelving rules, avoiding nuisance alarms and floods.

Synonyms: —

See also
Alarm routing
Defined destinations and channels for alarms (HMI, BMS/SCADA, email/SMS) including priority rules and suppression policies.

Synonyms: alert routing

See also
Alarm shelving
A controlled, time-boxed suppression of a known alarm so it doesn’t re-annunciate, while remaining recorded for review and KPIs.

Synonyms: temporary suppression

See also
ALARP
A decision principle to reduce risk until further reduction is grossly disproportionate to the benefit. Documented in risk acceptance and design freezes.

Synonyms: —

See also
Alert threshold (KPI)
Defined warning/alarm limits for KPIs (e.g., cycle-time deltas) that route notifications per the alarm philosophy.

Synonyms: threshold bands

See also
Alignment & gap sheet
Inspection record used to confirm datums, plumb, and clear-gaps meet the specified band for safe operation.

Synonyms: alignment sheet

See also
Allowable variant
A listed option (e.g., sleeve, depth class) that is supported by evidence and may be supplied without degrading the certified rating.

Synonyms: approved option

See also
Alternates protocol (tender)
Alternates protocol defines the evidence and review steps required when a bidder proposes a substitute product. It references standards equivalency and anti-downgrade clauses to protect rating integrity.

Synonyms: Alternates review · Substitution rules

See also
Anchor pull-out capacity
The tensile resistance of an anchor in concrete considering steel strength, bond, and rating-critical dependencies. Often verified alongside submission tests.

Synonyms: pullout

See also
Anchor template plate
A steel plate with precision holes that holds cast-in anchor bolts in their exact X/Y/rotation relative to survey datums during the pour.

Synonyms: bolt template

See also
Angle & vector log
A compact log of annotated photos and a vector diagram showing approach direction, governing impact angle, standoff, and impact point; used to set array density at corners and doors.

Synonyms: vector log

See also
Annulus sealing
Sealing the gap between a sleeve/core and the cable/pipe using grommets, mastic, or transit blocks to prevent water and dust ingress.

Synonyms: annular sealing

See also
Annunciation
The combined visual and audible presentation of alarms on an HMI and sounders, including banners, colors, tones, and message text.

Synonyms: alarm presentation

See also
Annunciation priority
A display/UX rule that ranks alarms and status messages by severity and context so operators see the most critical information first. Use with alarm priority class and avoid alarm flood.

Synonyms: message prioritization; alarm ranking

See also
ANPR (Automatic Number Plate Recognition)
ANPR uses cameras and OCR to read plates and match them against access rules (e.g., whitelists). Often integrated with the Access Control System and CCTV.

Synonyms: LPR

See also
Anti-downgrade clause

Specification language that bars lower-rated or non-equivalent products from replacing approved HVM items.

Synonyms: no-downgrade clause

See also
Anti-graffiti coating (sacrificial)
A sacrificial anti-graffiti coating is a removable clear film applied over finishes; it’s stripped and re-applied after cleaning. Helps preserve appearance without abrading the underlying finish.

Synonyms: graffiti guard

See also
Anti-ram

Measures or devices designed to stop or significantly slow a vehicle so it cannot breach a protected line; in bollards, systems engineered to absorb and resist vehicle impact.

Synonyms: anti-vehicle, anti-collision

See also
Anti-ram bollard systems

Vehicle security bollard systems deployed to control vehicular movement and deter or delay vehicle attack at a site perimeter or access point.

Synonyms: HVM systems; anti-vehicle systems

See also
anti-rotate feature
Hidden pins/flats or keyed joints that stop accessories rotating under vibration or tampering. Changing such details may affect rating-critical dependencies.

Synonyms: anti-rotation

See also
Anti-seize compound
Applied to bolts and studs to ease future removal, especially on stainless fasteners in hot or marine environments. Include in O&M torque procedures.

Synonyms: thread lubricant

See also
Appointed Person (Lifting)
The designated individual responsible for planning and controlling lifting operations, including selection of plant, rigging, and exclusion zones. Typically signs the lift plan and briefs the team.

Synonyms: AP

See also
Approach cone
The approach cone is the field in which drivers can reliably perceive lane signals without head or eye strain. Position beacons within this cone for safe response.

Synonyms: driver approach field

See also
Approach vector

The probable direction and angle(s) of an attacking vehicle’s path, used to position arrays, corners, and pinch points.

Synonyms: impact approach, approach path

See also
approval record
The curated file trail (scores, minutes, clarifications, sign-offs) that explains why a vendor was selected and supports audits and handover.

Synonyms: decision record

See also
Approval stamp
An authority’s seal/signature placed on drawings or letters to indicate acceptance at a given revision.

Synonyms: stamped approval

See also
Approver SLA
A defined response window (e.g., 24 h) for approvals at holds/witness points. Exceeding the window triggers escalation per the project governance.

Synonyms: approval window

See also
Archive manifest
A text or CSV listing each file’s path, size, and checksum. Used to detect changes over time and support audits.

Synonyms: checksum list

See also
Archive traceability
Maintains a clean evidence chain tying observations to decisions, document updates, and effective dates for audit and approval.

Synonyms: traceable archive

See also
Area ratio effect
When a small anodic metal is coupled to a large cathodic metal, the anode corrodes faster. Keep fastener/sleeve area ratios in your favor or isolate.

Synonyms: anodic/cathodic area effect

See also
Array centreline
A straight reference line used to position each bollard’s centre along a row. Set from control points and checked at regular stations for drift.

Synonyms: row centreline

See also
Array pattern

Standardized layouts (straight, staggered, chevron, island) used to manage frontage protection, corners, and flows.

Synonyms: layout pattern

See also
Array verification cycle
A three-stage check (pre-works, in-process, pre-handback) that verifies positions, levels, and rotation against the ITP and drawings.

Synonyms: survey cycle

See also
As-built drawings

Redlined/updated drawings and models that capture the final installed condition.

Synonyms: record drawings

See also
As-built model (BIM)
A BIM model updated from construction records, photos, and redlines so asset data and geometry match reality.

Synonyms: record model

See also
As-tested configuration
The configuration of the product as it was physically tested (model, options, footing, speed, vehicle). Use it to assess dependencies and site comparability.

Synonyms: test setup

See also
Asset hardening
Measures that strengthen the protected item (e.g., kiosks, cabinets) so it resists impact, tampering, or blast, complementing perimeter HVM measures.

Synonyms: fortification

See also
Asset register

Structured list of installed assets with serials, locations, and maintenance data.

Synonyms: asset list

See also
Assumptions register
A running table in the VDA pack that lists each input (date, source, method), its uncertainty, and who verified it; supports evidence standards.

Synonyms: assumptions log

See also
ASTM

American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM), the standards body that publishes ASTM F2656—widely used for crash-testing and rating of vehicle barriers and bollards.

Synonyms: /bollard-crash-testing

See also
audible beacon
An audio device (beeper/sounder) paired with visual signals to confirm “stop/proceed,” often with night-quieting and adjustable levels.

Synonyms: sounder; buzzer

See also
Audit cadence
The scheduled rhythm of audits (e.g., weekly internal, monthly cross-audit) aligned to ITP milestones.

Synonyms: audit frequency

See also
Audit trail (controls)
A protected record of configuration and operational events (who/what/when) supporting forensics and compliance.

Synonyms: change log

See also
Auditor checklist (archive)
A short form that confirms the archive’s completeness, hash integrity, link traceability, consent, and retention controls.

Synonyms: audit sign-off

See also
Authority float (programme)
Programme allowance to absorb review cycles, holidays, and witness scheduling. Reduces approval-related delays.

Synonyms: approval float

Authority posture
Describes the stance an authority takes on acceptable solutions and evidence. A strict posture may mandate certified HVM products and complete documentation.

Synonyms: reviewer stance

See also
Authority submission (ports)
A curated set including certificates, drawings, RAMS, interlocks, and commissioning plans. UAE projects may require SIRA alignment.

Synonyms: authority pack

See also
Authority submittals

Formal submissions to regulators or landlords covering scope, drawings, method statements, and evidence. See 717 — Authority Submittals.

Synonyms: approvals; regulatory submittals

See also
Authorization hierarchy
A site-specific mapping of roles to permitted EFO actions (e.g., security lead, fire officer), enforced via keys, codes, or PLC logic.

Synonyms: role-based authorization

See also
Auto-EM
Short for “automatic electromechanical.” Indicates an electromechanical drive retractable bollard.

Synonyms: automatic electromechanical

See also
Auto-Hyd
Short for “automatic hydraulic.” Indicates a hydraulic HPU driven retractable bollard.

Synonyms: automatic hydraulic

See also
Auto-reverse (controls)
A programmed action in the controller that reverses bollard motion to relieve an obstruction. Must be logged and prioritized in the state machine.

Synonyms: reversal on detect

See also
Automatic bollard

A power-operated, retractable bollard that raises and lowers by hydraulic, pneumatic, or electro-mechanical drive, typically integrated with access control and safety devices.

Synonyms: active bollard, powered bollard

See also
Automatic Transfer Switch (ATS)
An ATS senses mains failure and transfers the load to a standby source (e.g., generator), then back to mains when stable. Include test mode and interlocks.

Synonyms: —

See also
Autonomy (UPS)
The runtime a UPS can sustain the defined controls loads during an outage, set by design targets and validated at commissioning.

Synonyms: UPS runtime

See also
Availability target
The KPI that specifies required uptime over a measurement window (e.g., monthly 24/7). Define inclusions/exclusions and how “down” is measured.

Synonyms: uptime target

See also
avoided-loss model
A simple ROI tool: estimate incident frequency × consequence without controls, then subtract the with-controls case. The gap is “avoided loss.”

Synonyms: loss-avoidance

See also

B

back-of-kerb
Reference line used to site equipment, refuges, and queue reservoirs without narrowing pedestrian pinch points.

Synonyms: back of curb

See also
Backfeed interlock
Mechanical/electrical interlocks that stop a generator or UPS from energizing the utility network or a disconnected source, protecting personnel and equipment.

Synonyms: backfeeding prevention

See also
Backfilling & compaction

Placing and compacting soil/layered materials to restore bearing capacity and prevent settlement.

Synonyms: reinstatement compaction

See also
Backflow preventer (NRV)
A non-return valve fitted on discharge lines or outfalls to prevent surcharge or tidal water from flooding pits and housings.

Synonyms: non-return valve

See also
BACnet
Standard protocol (MS/TP/IP) for building systems. Use read-mostly points from bollard controllers; align alarms with policy.

Synonyms: —

See also
Ballast

A mass securely fixed to a vehicle (often a test vehicle) to achieve the required inertial mass for impact testing.

See also
Banksman (signaller)
A trained signaller who directs the operator using agreed hand/radio signals and can order an immediate stop. Works at the edge of the exclusion zone.

Synonyms: signaller

See also
Bar schedule
A tabulated list of reinforcement bars with marks tied to drawings and bending details. Used by fabricators and site teams for fixing and inspection.

Synonyms: rebar schedule

See also
Bar tag (rebar tag)
A site label showing the bar mark, size, and drawing reference so inspectors can verify the correct steel is fixed in the right place.

Synonyms: rebar tag

See also
Barricade plan (commissioning)
A barricade plan defines cones, barriers, exclusion zones, and signage to protect people during pre-commission tests. Coordinate with Safety Signalling and PTW.

Synonyms: temporary traffic plan · test barricading

See also
Base equivalence note
A short, referenced statement in the submission proving that the proposed foundation (deep or shallow) preserves the certified rating string within the rating-critical dependencies.

Synonyms: foundation equivalence note

See also
Base rotation (foundation)
The small-angle rotation of a bollard base due to impact. It contributes to effective opening and is limited at SLS.

Synonyms: rotation limit

See also
Base rotation demand
The rotation at the bollard/footing interface implied by peak deflection. Used to check socket embedment and footing capacity.

Synonyms: rotation demand

See also
Baseline snapshot
The initial set of readings recorded at first energization used to trend ops/hour, cycle time, and faults.

Synonyms: zero-hour baseline

See also
Bay corner hotspot
A corner where vehicles swing or mis-judge turns, elevating impact likelihood. Often protected by a higher-duty post and tighter clear-gap.

Synonyms: corner risk

See also
beacon (bollard)
A compact lamp or ring integrated at the head to improve visibility without glare; ensure sealed penetrations and compliant power via accessory power.

Synonyms: marker light

See also
Beacon aspect
A defined light colour/pattern representing a device state (e.g., lane closed). Each aspect must trace to the PLC state table.

Synonyms: signal aspect

See also
beaconing
Beaconing uses subtle lights or reflective rings on posts and signs to improve night visibility and wayfinding along desire lines.

Synonyms: route beacons

See also
Beam hood
Reduces nuisance trips on exposed lanes; pair with correct beam height and alignment. Record as an as-built accessory if fitted.

Synonyms: lens hood · sun shield · rain hood

See also
Bearing pressure (soil)
The average and maximum contact stresses transmitted to soil by the foundation. Checked against allowable values for the site soil class.

Synonyms: allowable bearing

See also
before/after overlay
A comparison layout that isolates changes in defend lines, arrays, and access. Improves stakeholder clarity.

Synonyms: split overlay

See also
Benching (excavation)
Creating horizontal steps in trench walls to reduce collapse risk and improve access.

Synonyms: stepped excavation

See also
Benchmark transfer
A controlled process to move a level from a primary benchmark to workfaces. Record instrument, backsight/foresight, and checks. Supports 312 Height setting.

Synonyms: BM transfer

See also
See also
Benign vehicles
Legitimate traffic operating at low speeds (e.g., parking maneuvers). Suitable context for PAS 170-1 devices; not for hostile scenarios.

Synonyms: non-hostile vehicles

See also
Bi-directional lane
A controlled lane that alternates direction. Requires wider geometry, signals, and robust interlocks to prevent conflicts.

Synonyms: reversible lane

See also
Bilingual legend
Rules defining which legends are bilingual, translation ownership, and how changes are tracked in submissions for authority review.

Synonyms: dual-language legend

See also
Bilingual policy (docs)
A rule to present key titles, notes, and signage in both the official language and English. Improves readability and speeds approvals.

Synonyms: dual-language labels

BIM Execution Plan (BEP)
Document that defines roles, naming, coordinates, LOD/LOI, clash rules, and issue workflow for the project’s models.

Synonyms: BEP

See also
Blast standoff

The designed distance between a protected asset and the secured perimeter to reduce blast pressure and fragments reaching the asset.

See also
Blue-light access
Defined access provisions for police, ambulance, and fire services, including envelopes, staging, and priority controls.

Synonyms: emergency responder access

See also
Blue-light corridor
A marked lane or opening granting blue-light access while preserving the tested perimeter. Includes priority credentials and interlocks.

Synonyms: emergency corridor

See also
BMS

Integration of status/alarms into the building management system for visibility and coordination.

Synonyms: building automation

See also
Boarding pad
A defined area aligned to vehicle doors to improve accessibility. Keep clear of bollard heads and handlebar traps.

Synonyms: platform pad

See also
Bollard array

A set of bollards arranged to block vehicle paths while allowing pedestrian flow; spacing and layout determine protection.

Synonyms: array, line of bollards

See also
Bollard core

The structural inner post of a bollard that resists loads and transfers them to the foundation; sleeves and covers are non-structural.

Synonyms: core, inner post

See also
Bollard sleeve

A non-structural outer cover fitted over the core to achieve a required finish or style (e.g., stainless steel) without changing impact performance.

Synonyms: cladding, shroud

See also
Bookmarked PDF
A PDF export that includes a hierarchical set of bookmarks matching the pack’s contents list, improving reviewer navigation.

Synonyms: bookmarked export

See also
Bowtie analysis
A semi-quantitative diagram that maps threats → top event → consequences, with preventive and mitigating controls on each side. Useful to validate interlocks and procedures.

Synonyms: —

See also
Brand accent band
A thin, non-structural colored band used to reference brand identity while preserving conspicuity and legibility.

Synonyms: accent ring; color band

See also
Breaking change
A revision that alters required performance, spacing, foundations, or approvals, triggering updates to 232/321–326/331–334 and 430–435.

Synonyms: major change

See also
Breather drain
A small device allowing moist air or condensate to exit an enclosure while maintaining ingress protection.

Synonyms: drain vent

See also
Brownout
A short-duration reduction in mains voltage that can reset PLCs and sensors. Mitigated by UPS and proper power-quality design.

Synonyms: voltage sag

See also
Bug hole (blowhole)
Tiny air pockets visible on off-form concrete surfaces, often due to inadequate consolidation or absorbent forms. Typically cosmetic but recorded for repair decisions.

Synonyms: blowholes

See also
Bug screen
A stainless or polymer mesh fitted over enclosure vents to exclude insects without choking airflow.

Synonyms: insect screen

See also
Build checksum
A computed hash (e.g., SHA) stored with binaries to detect tampering or corruption during transfer.

Synonyms: file hash

See also
Bulkhead fitting (hose)
A rigid fitting installed through a wall or plate to pass hydraulic hoses. Provides anchorage, sealing, and strain relief to protect the hose and the wall.

Synonyms: hose pass-through

See also
Bunded storage
Storage with integral containment to capture leaks from fuel/oil containers. Use near HPUs and refuelling points to prevent ground contamination.

Synonyms: secondary containment

See also
Buoyancy check (chambers)
A calculation comparing uplift from groundwater with the chamber’s dead load and hold-down capacity, with safety factors for floods or tides.

Synonyms: anti-flotation check

See also
Buoyancy check (foundation)
Compare uplift from groundwater with the self-weight of fresh concrete and steel; increase weight or maintain dewatering until strength gain if margins are low.

Synonyms: uplift check

See also
Bypass key switch
A keyed device used to temporarily bypass a safety function under controlled conditions with indicators and auto-expiry.

Synonyms: maintenance bypass

See also
Bypass route
A bypass route is a signed diversion for emergency, accessibility, or VIP flows. It must maintain the clear-gap strategy and avoid creating a pinch point.

Synonyms: diversion route

See also

C

Cable Avoidance Tool (CAT)
Field locator used to quickly detect and avoid energized or metallic services; complements formal EM/GPR surveys, not a replacement.

Synonyms: CAT scan (utilities)

See also
Cable entry zoning
Divide gland plates into functional zones to maintain segregation, bend radii, and future expansion space.

Synonyms: gland zoning

See also
cable expansion loop
A controlled slack loop near terminations or entries to accommodate settlement and temperature changes, protecting strain relief.

Synonyms: service loop

See also
Cable lubricant (pulling)
A compatible lubricant applied during cable pulls to reduce friction, heat, and tension. Must suit cable jacket and sealing compounds.

Synonyms: pulling lube

See also
Cable schedule
A structured list of all project cables and terminations used for construction, testing, and handover—kept consistent with drawings and the asset register.

Synonyms: cable index

See also
Caisson (small diameter)
A drilled shaft filled with concrete and steel to deliver vertical and lateral capacity for crash-rated bollards where excavation is limited.

Synonyms: drilled shaft

See also
Calculation Pack
The organized set of assumptions, load derivations, checks, clear-gap math, and references used to justify a design. Often exported as a single PDF.

Synonyms: calcs pack

See also
Calculation Snapshot
A clipped image or page extract of a calculation step included in the pack so reviewers can verify inputs and results without external files.

Synonyms: calc excerpt

See also
Calibration expiry
The calendar date after which a measuring instrument is not considered calibrated. Record instrument ID and expiry on every evidence sheet.

Synonyms: calibration due date

See also
Calibration note
Summarizes datasets used, parameters adjusted, and achieved acceptance bands for traceable correlation across variants.

Synonyms: correlation memo

See also
Calibration photo board
A small board placed in photos to prove instrument ID, date, and operator during inspections, improving the evidence chain.

Synonyms: photo slate

See also
Call point
A fixed intercom/button station that lets drivers request steward assistance. Often paired with CCTV and a bypass policy.

Synonyms: intercom station

See also
Capex (Capital Expenditure)
Project budget for purchase, civils, and commissioning of bollard systems. Complements Opex in lifecycle models.

Synonyms: capital cost

See also
Capillary rise
Water can wick above the measured groundwater level, keeping concrete and metals wet. Design membranes and drainage with this rise in mind.

Synonyms: capillary action

See also
Captive hardware
Prevents dropped or lost screws during maintenance (e.g., lid bolts with retainers). Recommended for lids and panel doors to speed service and avoid foreign-object damage.

Synonyms: retained fastener

See also
Capture height

The vertical zone where bollards engage chassis/bumper to stop or redirect vehicles, considering ground slope and bodies.

Synonyms: engagement height

See also
Category 0/1/2 stop
Stop categories define how motion ceases: immediate power removal (Cat 0) or a controlled stop (Cat 1/2). Choose per hazard and drive type.

Synonyms: stop category

See also
Cathodic protection (marine)
An electrochemical method (sacrificial anodes or impressed current) used on steel near seawater to reduce corrosion. Coordinate with port CP systems and isolation details.

Synonyms: CP

See also
Cause–effect table (fire)
A cause–effect table lists inputs, pre-conditions, expected outputs, HMI messaging, and evidence capture steps for fire scenarios. It is executed during SAT and filed within Authority Submittals.

Synonyms: cause and effect matrix

See also
Centreline trace (GIS)
A polyline drawn along the likely approach path’s center to measure effective run-up in GIS or Google Earth.

Synonyms: path polyline

See also
Certificate authenticity statement
A short letter on manufacturer or lab letterhead that confirms the attached certificate/report is genuine, current, and unaltered. Include contact details and the certificate ID.

Synonyms: —

See also
Certificate register
An index of product certificates including lab, report number, rating string, and certificate scope.

Synonyms: certificates list

See also
Certificate scope
The set of configurations and conditions validated by a product’s test evidence. Changes outside scope may void rating claims. See 431 and 421.

Synonyms: certification scope

See also
Chain of custody
A documented trail listing every handler, edit, and transfer of an evidence file. Preserves authenticity for audits and disputes.

Synonyms: custody log

See also
Chalking (coatings)
Degradation of paint under UV producing a powdery surface. Limit via UV-stable topcoats and light colors.

Synonyms: paint weathering

See also
Chamfer strip
A triangular or radiused strip fixed to form edges to create durable corners, reducing spalling around sleeve surrounds and paving interfaces.

Synonyms: arris strip

See also
chamfered head
A beveled upper edge that limits flat bearing, improving shed of contact and user safety. Useful where sightlines and clear-gap cues are critical.

Synonyms: beveled head

See also
Change control

Governance for edits to drawings, code, or interlocks with version history and rollback.

Synonyms: configuration control

See also
Change Request (CR)
A numbered form that captures scope, rationale, risks, tests, and approvals before implementing a change.

Synonyms: CR

See also
Change-of-state (COS) log
A controller and SCADA/BMS log that records each transition (e.g., Normal→Alarm) with time, source, and user ID for audit and troubleshooting.

Synonyms: event log

See also
Chicane nose
The foremost unit in a pinch-point or chicane that faces likely first contact; often specified as a higher-tier, certified variant.

Synonyms: chicane apex

See also
Child-height surrogate
Used during commissioning to confirm low-level coverage near paving; complement with motorcycle surrogate tests for loops.

Synonyms: child dummy · low-height surrogate

See also
Chloride deposition rate
Expressed as mg/m²/day, it drives corrosion risk near coasts. Use thresholds to choose stainless, duplex, and rinse schedules.

Synonyms: salt fallout

See also
Clarification log (tender)
A clarification log records each bidder question and the official response, with dates, status, and addendum links. It is controlled as a live register and filed per the file index & naming rules and submission index.

Synonyms: RFI log · Q&A register

See also
Clash ID
A sequential identifier used to track each utility conflict through detection, decision, approval, and close-out in the clash log.

Synonyms: conflict reference

See also
Clash log
A list tracking utilities, spacing, or drawing conflicts with owners, target dates, and final dispositions.

Synonyms: coordination log

See also
Clear-gap

The unobstructed opening between adjacent bollards/features. Clear-gap rules ensure vehicles are physically blocked.

Synonyms: net gap, opening

See also
Clear-gap rule

A spacing limit used in array design to prevent vehicle passage while meeting access/egress needs.

Synonyms: clear gap limit

See also
Client satisfaction survey
A structured survey issued at acceptance to gather feedback on documentation, training, and system performance. Results feed lessons learned (844).

Synonyms: customer feedback form

See also
CMMS (Computerized Maintenance Management System)
A CMMS receives alert triggers, creates work orders, tracks parts and close-out notes. Link 543 triggers to 734 plans and 732 asset data for full traceability.

Synonyms: maintenance system

See also
CMMS mapping sheet
A reference sheet showing how CSV export columns map to CMMS asset, component, and work-order fields; helps avoid data loss on import.

Synonyms: import map

See also
Coastal durability
Product/material choices (e.g., 316 stainless, marine coatings) and detailing that slow corrosion in port/marina environments.

Synonyms: marine durability

See also
Coastal exposure
Salt-laden conditions near the sea that demand 316 stainless, isolation of dissimilar metals, and enhanced coatings.

Synonyms: marine atmosphere

See also
Coating holiday (repair)
A pinhole or damaged area in paint/epoxy/galvanizing that exposes metal. Must be repaired per manufacturer instructions to restore protection.

Synonyms: holiday

See also
COBie
A tabular dataset for asset handover that captures components, spaces, and attributes for FM systems.

Synonyms: Construction-Operations Building information exchange

See also
Cold joint
A construction joint formed after a delay. Requires surface prep and bonding to restore continuity, especially near sockets.

Synonyms: construction joint

See also
Collar (sleeve perimeter)
The finished perimeter where paving meets the sleeve/head, typically sealed to prevent water ingress and trip lips.

Synonyms: perimeter collar, sleeve collar

See also
Color strategy
A documented approach to choose field and accent colors that support visibility, branding, and wayfinding without harming safety.

Synonyms: color policy; palette rules

See also
Commissioning readiness review (CRR)
A short, formal check before power-on to verify documents, permits, isolation, tools/spares, and roles are in place for a safe, efficient test day.

Synonyms: readiness check

See also
Commissioning runway
A planned, interruption-free sequence from FAT/SAP through SAT activities so tests run once and cleanly. Aligns with SAT / Witness Procedure.

Synonyms: commissioning window

See also
Commissioning tools

Meters, simulators, service tools, and logs used to prove performance and capture evidence.

Synonyms: test tools

See also
Common spares policy
Project-level rules that minimise OPEX by specifying shared spares (HPUs, seals, electronics) across vendors/variants and linking them to service levels.

Synonyms: spares standardisation

See also
Communication loss
A failure of data paths causing timeouts and transfer to safe local mode or predefined fail actions.

Synonyms: comms loss

See also
Comparability note
A brief statement in submissions that highlights any differences (vehicle, speed, angle, footing) and the mitigation (higher tier, redesign, or additional evidence).

Synonyms: equivalence justification

See also
Competence matrix (roles)
A grid that lists roles (operator, FM, security) against required skills, assessments, and pass standards used for sign-off.

Synonyms: skills matrix

See also
Compliance matrix
A document matrix focused on compliance: one row per requirement with a concise response and a deep link to proof (certificate, drawing, calculation).

Synonyms: requirement matrix

See also
compliant coupling
A torque-transmitting element with elastic compliance that mitigates shock loads and small misalignments between motor and drive, reducing post-impact misalignment risk.

Synonyms: flexible coupling

See also
Composite sleeve (bollard)
A lightweight cladding that provides colour/texture and UV stability without altering the certified core geometry or performance.

Synonyms: FRP sleeve; GRP sleeve

See also
Compression seal (transit)
A mechanical seal that compresses around services in a sleeve/core to create a watertight, dust-tight, or fire-rated barrier. Used where high ingress protection is needed.

Synonyms: pipe sleeve seal

See also
Concession (quality)
Authority/client agreement to accept a deviation with defined conditions and documentation. Usually linked to VO/change control.

Synonyms: deviation waiver

See also
Concrete breakout (anchors)
A concrete failure mode where an anchor group tears out a cone. Mitigated by adequate edge distance, cover and rebar detailing.

Synonyms: cone failure

See also
Concrete maturity
Method that uses time–temperature history to estimate in-place concrete strength for release/traffic decisions. Useful for foundations in hot climates.

Synonyms: maturity method

See also
Condition monitoring

Using sensors/logs to detect early signs of wear, enabling planned maintenance and reduced downtime.

Synonyms: health monitoring

See also
Condition-Based Maintenance (CBM)
CBM schedules tasks using measured condition (vibration, pressure, oil quality) instead of fixed intervals. Reduces downtime and waste when paired with 541 logs and 542 KPIs.

Synonyms: —

See also
Conditional approval
A decision status where work is accepted subject to specific items being closed by evidence or revisions.

Synonyms: approved with comments

See also
Configuration baseline
A signed snapshot of PLC/HMI parameters used to ensure consistent behavior across sites and audits.

Synonyms: parameter baseline

See also
Configuration drift
Unauthorized or untracked changes causing live behavior to differ from the approved baseline.

Synonyms: drift

See also
Confined-space permit
Controls entry to pits/chambers with limited egress or ventilation. Requires gas testing, attendants, and rescue plan.

Synonyms: —

See also
Conflict set
A defined list of mutually exclusive states (e.g., EFO & Maintenance). Documented in the matrix with the required safe response.

Synonyms: forbidden combo

See also
consequence mapping
Maps harm types and monetary impacts to compare options fairly.

Synonyms: impact mapping

See also
Conservatism (design)
A design attitude that favors higher ratings or tighter spacing to reduce risk, balanced against constructability and budget.

Synonyms: conservative design

See also
conservative band
The upper edge of the estimated speed range after applying prudent friction/grade assumptions. Drives safer tier choices.

Synonyms: design band (upper)

See also
Conspicuity
Design choices that improve visibility of bollards and lanes (color, markings, lighting) without undermining performance.

Synonyms: visibility

See also
Conspicuity cue
Conspicuity cues (contrast bands, paving strips) help users notice bollards and crossings without adding visual clutter.

Synonyms: visibility cue

See also
Contact algorithm
Defines how bodies interact under impact (separation, sliding, friction). Critical to accurate penetration and debris predictions.

Synonyms: contact model

See also
Containment action
Short-term measures to make safe after a defect is found (e.g., isolate power, secure the exclusion zone, temporary signage). Closed after corrective action and retest.

Synonyms: make-safe; temporary fix

See also
Continuity test
A continuity test confirms each conductor is continuous and on the correct terminal before energization. It complements the I/O list during pre-commission checks.

Synonyms: end-to-end test · ring-out

See also
contrast band
A tactile or visual band on a sleeve to aid conspicuity and accessibility, specified without altering the as-tested product.

Synonyms: visibility ring; tactile band

See also
Control network
A set of permanent survey points that define the project coordinate system. All array marks and checks should reference the control network for traceability.

Synonyms: survey control; site control

See also
Controlled recovery
A scripted sequence (acknowledge alarms, verify inputs, re-enable interlocks, then enable drives) that returns lanes to service without risk. Link to Emergency Modes & Incident Response.

Synonyms: recovery procedure

See also
Convenience protection
Short-run measures for incidental, low-energy impacts (e.g., trolleys, parking bumps). Not suitable where hostile intent is credible.

Synonyms: low-speed protection

See also
convoy scenario
A scenario where two or more vehicles approach in quick succession, potentially overwhelming recovery time. Consider in credibility screening and spacing resilience.

Synonyms: multi-vehicle sequence

See also
Cool pigments (coatings)
Infrared-reflective pigments used in topcoats to reduce sun-load and delay chalking in hot climates.

Synonyms: IR-reflective pigments

See also
Cooldown interval
A timed pause after fault or EFO to protect equipment and ensure safe recovery before re-enabling movement.

Synonyms: reset delay

See also
Corner chicane
An angled or staggered array near corners to break straight-line run-up. See corners & pinch points.

Synonyms: chicane array

See also
Corner island
A corner island is a small, usually raised element that helps force turning or deflect oblique approach vectors while preserving pedestrian routes and sightlines.

Synonyms: turning island

See also
Corner post (buffer)
A strategically placed post with suitable section and capture height to protect corners during reversing and loading.

Synonyms: corner bollard

See also
Corner retail hotspot
A local impact risk at the frontage where turning vehicles meet pedestrian desire lines. Often mitigated by a chicane nose or island cluster.
Corner throat
The effective opening along the chord of a corner radius that a vehicle can exploit on a cut-through path. Treat using staggered posts or an island (324).

Synonyms: corner gap

See also
Corner treatment
Arrangement of bollards around street corners or islands to control clear-gaps and turning paths without blocking egress.

Synonyms: corner layout

See also
Corrective & Preventive Action (CAPA)
A formal process to remove root causes of defects and prevent recurrence. Includes containment, corrective, and preventive steps with verification of effectiveness.

Synonyms: CAPA

See also
Corrective action (quality)
The specified rework to remove the nonconformance and the verification (ITP/SAT) proving the requirement is met again.

Synonyms: CA

See also
Cost reporting cadence
A periodic cycle (e.g., monthly) with a fixed template and naming per 911 rules to keep stakeholders aligned.

Synonyms: reporting rhythm

See also
Counter-based trigger
A maintenance trigger based on measured usage (e.g., every 5,000 operations) rather than calendar time.

Synonyms: usage-based trigger

See also
Counter-terrorist (VSB)

Vehicle Security Barrier (VSB) systems engineered to protect against vehicular attacks by terrorists or criminals; resilient to impact and used to deter, delay, and channel traffic.

Synonyms: counter vehicle-borne threat; CT security

See also
Cover spacer (rebar chair)
A plastic or concrete support that prevents steel from touching formwork or ground, maintaining specified concrete cover during pour and vibration.

Synonyms: rebar chair; cover block

See also
Coversheet (submission)
A one-page summary added to a pack with project data, revision, approvers, and a submission index. Reduces reviewer queries.

Synonyms: cover sheet

See also
Crash rating

A performance classification from standardized impact tests (e.g., IWA 14-1, ASTM F2656) stating the test vehicle, speed, and maximum penetration distance achieved.

Synonyms: impact rating, HVM rating

See also
Crash-rated

A security bollard or barrier that has been physically tested per a recognized standard and assigned a rating based on vehicle weight, impact speed, and resulting penetration.

Synonyms: rated bollard; certified bollard

See also
Crash-tested bollard

A bollard or array physically tested at an accredited facility to a recognized standard, with results verifying its declared impact performance.

Synonyms: certified bollard

See also
Credentialed access
Access granted to authorized vehicles via cards, ANPR or operator release, typically in modes of operation.

Synonyms: authenticated access

See also
credible worst case
A bounded scenario reflecting site realities and uncertainty, used to steer rating and layout choices. Often derived from the DBT.

Synonyms: bounded worst case

See also
Crevice corrosion
Occurs inside shielded joints and under sealant lips. Design open drain paths and apply stripe coats at edges.

Synonyms: gap corrosion

See also
Critical spares kit
A curated on-site set of parts (actuator, controller, detectors, hoses, seals) sized to meet the availability target. Complements warranty & spares policy.

Synonyms: emergency spares pack

See also
Cross-audit
An independent audit performed by staff not involved in day-to-day delivery to improve objectivity and surface blind spots.

Synonyms: independent audit

See also
cross-talk (loops)
Interference where nearby loops or detectors affect each other’s signals; mitigated with spacing, twisted feeders, and different frequency channels.

Synonyms: loop interference

See also
Crossfall (camber)
The lateral gradient of a carriageway that influences tire grip, steering and drift near arrays; measure in degrees or %.

Synonyms: camber

See also
crowd crush
Condition where pedestrian density and movement create hazardous compressive forces. Design should prevent pinch points and allow relief routes.

Synonyms: —

See also
Crowd proximity
The typical distance between pedestrian areas and potential vehicle paths; drives the need for tighter penetration limits.

Synonyms: people proximity

See also
crowd pulses
Short, high-density waves of people at entry/exit milestones (e.g., kickoff, halftime, end-of-show). Drives mode timing and steward deployment.

Synonyms: crowd waves

See also
Curbside (terminal)
A terminal frontage where vehicles stop briefly. Needs staggered arrays, near-door spacing, and stewarded gaps to keep clear-gaps compliant at peaks.

Synonyms: kerbside

See also
Custody note
A brief record stating the recipient, storage location, and conditions for tools/spares transferred at handover. Useful for audits and SLA response checks.

Synonyms: custody record

See also
Cycle time (bollard)
The measured time from raise start to lower complete, including any programmed dwell; use controller timestamps and NTP sync for consistency.

Synonyms: cycle duration

See also
Cycle-time variance
Variance in movement time is an early indicator of drag, bypass or control issues. Feed into 542 KPI alerts and 544 dashboards.

Synonyms: movement-time drift

See also

D

D/t ratio
Higher D/t increases risk of local buckling and ovalization under impact. Designers lower D/t to add stability.

Synonyms: diameter/thickness

See also
Daily huddle board
A simple visual board used in stand-ups to align tasks, isolations, inspections, and safety notes for the day.

Synonyms: stand-up board

See also
Daily Progress Report (DPR)
A concise roll-up of the week’s progress, KPIs, and issues built from the site diary entries; used for programme and stakeholder updates.

Synonyms: DPR

See also
Data hook
A specific tag/signal (e.g., ops/hour, cycle time, missed pings) stored against an asset so dashboards and alerts can compute KPIs.

Synonyms: metric hook

See also
Datum & benchmarks

Fixed survey references that control setting-out, elevations, and checks during installation.

Synonyms: survey datum

See also
Datum stick
A simple, marked staff used during setting-out to verify bollard head elevations across grades and crossfalls.

Synonyms: leveling rod

See also
Dayworks sheet
A client-endorsed sheet listing manpower, plant, and materials for extra works, cross-referenced to CR/VO and diary evidence.

Synonyms: daywork sheet

See also
dBA (A-weighted decibels)
The A-weighted decibel unit used for environmental and occupational noise limits. Combines level and psychoacoustic weighting into a single metric.

Synonyms: A-weighted level

See also
Deadman control
A safety control that requires constant human input. Releasing it immediately stops movement.

Synonyms: hold-to-run

See also
Debounce (inputs)
A filter that ignores rapid toggles on inputs (e.g., loops, photo-eyes) to prevent false transitions.

Synonyms: input filtering

See also
Debris zone
Estimated landing area for vehicle parts/cargo after impact. Use with frontage protection to set glazing offsets.

Synonyms: dispersion area

See also
Decision flow

A guided sequence to decide between HVM and low-speed solutions, pick array patterns, and confirm feasibility before naming products. See page 339 — Decision Flow.

Synonyms: design flow; selection flow

See also
Decision gate
A predefined review step (e.g., pre-pour) requiring evidence and sign-off to reduce rework and risk.

Synonyms: stage gate; gate

See also
Decision letter
The authority’s written decision (approved, approved with conditions, or rejected) with any required actions.

Synonyms: approval letter

See also
decision pack
One-pager + annexes: threat, selection, costs, ROI, certificates, and submission index.

Synonyms: investment memo

See also
Deep-Socket (foundation class)
A deeper in-ground foundation detail (socket type) matched to tested crash performance. See foundation types.

Synonyms: deep foundation socket

See also
Defects-liability period
A contractual period after handover during which the contractor remedies defects at no cost, typically tied to retention release milestones. See Closeout Checklist & Retention.

Synonyms: DLP

See also
Defend line
A datum used in testing and layouts to measure penetration or overrun after impact. Often taken at the protected edge.

Synonyms: penetration line

See also
Defend line (entrance)
The straight alignment of posts immediately in front of a doorway or shopfront that prevents direct vehicle penetration. Often parallel to the façade datum.

Synonyms: entrance defend line

See also
Defend line (stop line)
A notional protective line—often at the array face—used to measure vehicle penetration distance in crash tests.

Synonyms: stop line; stop-line

See also
Deflection (elastic)

Reversible deformation of a bollard or foundation under impact loading; distinct from permanent set.

Synonyms: elastic deformation

See also
degraded state (array)
A post-impact condition with residual deflection/permanent set or reduced operability. Treat second impacts under this condition unless recovery is proven.

Synonyms: post-impact state

See also
Delta highlight
A cloud or annotation indicating what changed since the previous issue, helping reviewers focus on updates during re-submittals.

Synonyms: clouded delta

See also
Demonstration script
A concise, repeatable sequence covering normal operations, modes, EFO, and common recoveries for client acceptance and training records. See SAT / Witness Procedure and Modes of Operation.

Synonyms: demo script

See also
Depth class

Classification of installation depth bands used to select footing type and check utility conflicts.

Synonyms: depth band

See also
Derating (cables)
Adjustment that lowers a cable’s allowable current to account for ambient temperature, grouping and installation method.

Synonyms: de-rating

See also
Derating curve
A manufacturer curve that reduces continuous power/cycle capacity as ambient temperature rises. Use to size HPUs and drives.

Synonyms: thermal derate

See also
Descriptive anchor
Anchor text that describes the target (e.g., “233 Emergency/service access”) instead of “click here,” improving accessibility and SEO.

Synonyms: Anchor text · Link label

See also
Design Actions (foundation)
The set of lateral forces, shear, and overturning moments at the foundation derived from the rated impact conditions and site factors.

Synonyms: foundation actions

See also
Design Basis Threat (DBT)

The agreed hostile action profile a site must resist, including threat description, method, strength, likelihood, and required protection level; used to drive design and product selection.

See also
Design current
The steady load current used to size conductors and check volt-drop. Distinct from inrush or fault current.

Synonyms: —

See also
Design freeze
A milestone that fixes scope, drawings, and specifications before procurement/installation. Changes after this point follow change control with approvals.

Synonyms: freeze point

See also
desire lines
Preferred pedestrian paths shaped by convenience and obstacles, useful for placing crossings and islands.

Synonyms: desire paths

See also
Dielectric isolator (fixings)
Isolation hardware (washers, bushings) that separates dissimilar metals to reduce galvanic corrosion at joints and fasteners.

Synonyms: isolation washer; insulating sleeve

See also
Digital inclinometer
A calibrated device for measuring plumb/tilt of a bollard or sleeve. Often used along two axes to record out-of-plumb in degrees.

Synonyms: digital level; electronic level

See also
DIN rail
A standardized mounting rail used for terminal blocks, relays, and controllers inside panels; plan spare length for upgrades.

Synonyms: 35mm rail

See also
Discipline code (documents)
A 2–3 letter tag in filenames that identifies the responsible discipline (e.g., structural, electrical, controls). Helps routing and reviews.

Synonyms: discipline tag

See also
Dispersion

The measured distance between the barrier datum line and the furthest location of major debris produced during impact.

See also
Distribution list (controlled docs)
A controlled roster of recipients with edit/view rights for each issue of a document, preventing version drift on site.

Synonyms: recipients list

See also
Diversity (electrical)
A planning factor that reduces summed nameplate power to reflect realistic simultaneity. Documented in load schedules and energy budgets.

Synonyms: simultaneity factor

See also
Diversity factor (electrical)
Numeric factor representing the likelihood of multiple loads operating at once. Used to avoid oversizing while staying safe.

Synonyms: concurrency factor

See also
dock corner hotspot
Local collision hotspot near loading bay corners; often needs low-speed guards that complement the HVM array.

Synonyms: —

See also
DocType code
A standard code in the filename that signals the document’s type or purpose (e.g., drawing, calculation, plan). Enables quick filtering and indexing.

Synonyms: document type code

See also
Document matrix
A tabular view listing each deliverable, its accountable owner, format, and due stage. Used to build submission and handover packs without omissions.

Synonyms: documents map

See also
Dog-leg sleeve
A sleeve route that offsets around reinforcement while keeping minimum bend radius. Prevents rebar clashes and preserves concrete cover.

Synonyms: offset sleeve

See also
dome head
A rounded bollard top that reduces snag points and discourages stepping up. Coordinate with height setting and band placement for visibility.

Synonyms: domed head

See also
Door bond (earthing)
The door bond ensures door continuity to earth, improving safety and EMC; test and record in the ITP.

Synonyms: earth strap

See also
Door card (panel)
A laminated instruction/ID sheet mounted inside the enclosure door showing key settings, alarm philosophy, and reset steps.

Synonyms: panel door sheet

See also
Door protection array
A compact bollard array used at entrances to block vehicle ingress while preserving pedestrian flow.

Synonyms: frontage array

See also
Door-open tamper
A tamper input linked to a microswitch on the enclosure door; reported to the controller/SCADA to log unauthorized access.

Synonyms: tamper switch

See also
door-swing zone
A lateral clearance band that lets occupants exit safely without entering the live lane. Use it when placing machines and bollards near car doors.

Synonyms: door clearance

See also
Downgrade risk
The chance that product or foundation substitutions weaken the tested configuration. Use anti-downgrade clauses to prevent it.

Synonyms: performance erosion

See also
downtime cost
Include closures from incidents and from planned maintenance in the model.

Synonyms: cost of downtime

See also
Drain tap
Installed at drainage low points to allow periodic emptying and flushing. Coordinate with sumps/NRVs and 334 Drainage.

Synonyms: drain valve

See also
Drainage sump

Local pit used to collect runoff and sand, protecting equipment enclosures and preventing water accumulation.

Synonyms: sump pit

See also
drainage-first design
A design approach that sizes pits, sumps, and run-offs before finalizing device types or foundations to protect reliability.

Synonyms: drainage-led

See also
Draw pit
A small access chamber placed along a duct route to enable cable pulling, inspections, and mandrel/brush tests. Typically labeled (e.g., DP-01) and recorded in as-builts.

Synonyms: pull pit · cable pit

See also
draw-rope
A sacrificial or permanent rope installed in a duct to assist future pulls. Record size and rating in the cable schedule.

Synonyms: pull cord

See also
Drawdown (groundwater)
The reduction in groundwater level caused by pumping from sumps or wellpoints. Adequate drawdown keeps pit bases dry and reduces uplift risk.

Synonyms: groundwater lowering

See also
Drawdown test (sump)
A commissioning check where the pit is filled, then pumped down while recording start/stop levels and flow time. Confirms alarms and duty points.

Synonyms: drain-down test

See also
Drawing register
A register that tracks drawing numbers, titles, disciplines, revisions, and statuses with links to active files and a CAD/BIM standard reference.

Synonyms: sheet register

See also
Drip loop
A small downward loop formed in a cable before it enters a cabinet so water drips off instead of tracking inside. Often combined with raised cable glands.

Synonyms: service loop (water)

See also
Drip shield
A shallow canopy or hood that sheds rain away from door seals and hinges, reducing water ingress risk.

Synonyms: rain hood

See also
Drive-around defeat
A vulnerability where a vehicle avoids a barrier by steering around its termination. Prevent with corner treatments & islands and robust tie-ins.

Synonyms: end-run

See also
Driver cone
A simplified visual cone used to check whether posts, totems, and furniture block critical views at entries and turns. Size it for the operating speed and vehicle class.

Synonyms: field of view; sight cone

See also
drop-off loop
A perimeter roadway feature that allows quick passenger drop-offs and pick-ups without parking. Often paired with queue management and HVM arrays at the frontage.

Synonyms: forecourt loop

See also
Dry contact
A relay output with no internal voltage source; provides open/closed states for interlocks and permits. Ideal for failsafe fire drops.

Synonyms: volt-free contact

See also
Dry film thickness (DFT)
The thickness of a cured coating layer, typically logged per coat and zone. Correct DFT ensures barrier performance and warranty compliance.

Synonyms: —

See also
Dry-run (I/O)
A dry-run verifies each input and output against the I/O list using simulators or jumpers before live motion, reducing risk during first power-on.

Synonyms: simulation check · no-motion test

See also
Dual media set
At least two separately stored archive copies (e.g., cloud + offline WORM), used for resilience and legal assurance.

Synonyms: redundant copies

See also
Duct bank
A set of parallel conduits installed together with specified spacing, cover, and bedding. Used to separate power, controls, and loop feeders and simplify future pulls.

Synonyms: bundled conduits

See also
Duct fill ratio
Design limit for how much cable cross-section may occupy a conduit. Typical planning keeps 40–50% to lower friction and ease future pulls.

Synonyms: conduit fill

See also
Dunnage
Timber or composite blocks that provide stable, protected resting points for lifted items during set-down or emergency recovery.

Synonyms: cribbing

See also
Duplex coating
A combined coating system (often galvanizing plus powder paint) that provides longer protection in coastal or harsh environments.

Synonyms: —

See also
Duty cycle

The allowable frequency of operations for an automatic bollard within a period (e.g., cycles/hour or % duty), accounting for heat, wear, and cooling.

Synonyms: cycle rate

See also
Duty/assist pump set
A twin-pump arrangement where the duty pump handles normal flow and the assist (or standby) supports peak flow or takes over on failure.

Synonyms: duty/standby

See also
Dwell time (stands)
The time a bus or taxi stays in a bay. Drives queue length and lane occupancy; manage via holding bays and steward release.

Synonyms: dwell

See also
Dye tracing test
A commissioning test where harmless dye is added to water to verify drainage direction, identify leaks, and confirm outfall connections.

Synonyms: dye test

See also
Dynamic deflection
The maximum temporary displacement of a barrier element measured during impact. Used with permanent set to judge post-impact openings.

Synonyms: peak deflection

See also

E

Earned Value (EV)
EV is the budgeted value of the work actually completed at a point in time. Used with PV and AC to forecast schedule and cost outcomes.

Synonyms: —

See also
Easement (services)
An easement protects access to buried services; keep foundations and arrays clear of the corridor and maintain depth separations.

Synonyms: utility right-of-way

See also
edge distance factor (foundation)
A conservative factor reducing capacity when the footing is close to an excavation or slab edge; relates to rotation limit.

Synonyms: edge factor

See also
Edge guard (temporary)
Removable corner protection installed after striking to protect sleeve surrounds and paving arrises during curing and early traffic.

Synonyms: arris protector

See also
Editorial change
Wording or layout adjustment that does not change requirements. Batched into the next release.

Synonyms: copy edit

See also
Effective height
The working height of a bollard measured above finished surface that contributes to capture height and stopping performance.

Synonyms: —

See also
Effective run-up
The portion of run-up distance that remains once obstacles, turns, slope, and surface friction are considered.

Synonyms: adjusted run-up

See also
effective width
Effective width is the portion of a route that people can actually use, excluding encroachments from posts, bins, door swings, and head shapes.

Synonyms: usable width

See also
EFO allowance
Design parameter specifying how many EFO strokes are guaranteed without recharge, used to size accumulators and cooldown.

Synonyms: EFO reserve

See also
EFO cooldown
A defined wait time after EFO to allow motors/HPUs to cool before normal service resumes. Often part of the reset-to-normal checklist.

Synonyms: thermal cooldown

See also
EFO energy measurement
Logging approach that quantifies EFO energy draw and confirms the specified cool-down interval using sub-meter snapshots and PLC change-of-state logs.

Synonyms: —

See also
EFO evidence log
A structured record of initiator, timings, interlocks, outcomes, and resets captured for review against Evidence Capture Standards.

Synonyms: EFO audit trail

See also
EFO initiator
A local or remote input (e.g., guarded pushbutton, key-switch, SCADA command) that starts EFO. Must be authorized and logged.

Synonyms: EFO trigger

See also
EFO timing window
A performance bound defining how quickly the system must respond after an EFO initiator. Track as a KPI with evidence (videos, logs) and alert when out of limits. Coordinate with response window.

Synonyms: EFO response time window

See also
egress cone
The egress cone is the unobstructed, widening path outward from a doorway that must stay clear of fixtures, signs, and posts to preserve required escape width.

Synonyms: exit cone

See also
Electromagnetic (EM) survey
Technique that traces metallic/conductive utilities by detecting electromagnetic fields; often paired with GPR for complete mapping.

Synonyms: EM location

See also
Electromechanical drive (bollard)
Electromechanical drives replace fluid power with motors and gearboxes; see 513 for topology and wiring.

Synonyms: EM drive

See also
Embedment depth

The installed depth of the bollard or foundation components below finished grade that provides overturning resistance and transfers impact loads into the ground.

Synonyms: anchor depth

See also
Embodied carbon
Embodied carbon sums all greenhouse gas emissions from raw material extraction through manufacturing, transport, and installation. Designers reduce it via recycled content, efficient logistics, and durable details.

Synonyms: upfront carbon

See also
EMC (Electromagnetic compatibility)
The ability of equipment and cabling to operate without causing or suffering unacceptable electromagnetic interference. Segregation, screening, and grounding are key.

Synonyms: EMI; electromagnetic interference

See also
EMC plan
An EMC plan defines separation, shielding, earthing, and filter rules; it’s verified during commissioning tests.

Synonyms: electromagnetic compatibility plan

See also
Emergency Fast Operation (EFO)

An emergency actuation mode with a shorter operating time than normal safety operation to quickly raise or lower a barrier or bollard.

Synonyms: fast raise; emergency lift

See also
Emergency lock removal procedure
A documented, witnessed sequence (with Supervisor authorization) to remove a personal lock when the owner is unavailable, including notifications and records.

Synonyms: forced lock removal

See also
Emergency override

Controlled action (e.g., force raise/lower) permitted to handle emergencies while logging and alerting.

Synonyms: manual override

See also
Emergency stop (E-stop)
An E-stop is a prominent, latching pushbutton that forces a Category 0/1 stop to remove hazardous motion. It is verified during safety device presence checks. See Safety circuits.

Synonyms: emergency stop button · estop

See also
encoder plausibility check
Control logic that compares encoder position to redundant limit switches and timing to detect drift or failure, triggering a safe inhibit via the interlock matrix.

Synonyms: encoder sanity check

See also
Energization plan
A scripted sequence for first power that defines roles, pre-checks, enables, and abort criteria. Stored in the ITP.

Synonyms: power-on script

See also
energy parity
A condition where the proposed system matches the specified system’s energy absorption and load path so penetration remains within the same class. Capture assumptions in the assumptions register.

Synonyms: —

See also
Environmental Product Declaration (EPD)
An EPD is a standardized, third-party verified report that quantifies a product’s environmental impacts across its life cycle (per EN/ISO rules). It supports transparent comparisons within the same category.

Synonyms: —

See also
Equal-information notice (tender)
An equal-information notice alerts all bidders when new site surveys or constraints (e.g., survey deliverables) are released, preserving parity and reducing future claims.

Synonyms: Parity memo · Bid information notice

See also
Equivalence clause

Permits substitutions only when equal or better rating evidence and dependencies are proven.

Synonyms: equal-or-better clause

See also
Equivalence Evidence Pack
A compiled set of proofs (certificate/report, test media, variant matrix, orientation/foundation notes) used to justify substitutions.Pairs with 414 Standards equivalency.

Synonyms: evidence pack; equivalence dossier

See also
Equivalence Submission (process)
A structured request package routed via submittals, reviewed against page 414 and 421, and approved before procurement/installation proceeds.

Synonyms: substitution request

See also
Escalation path
A named sequence of people/steps for raising unresolved issues, typically via NCR or change control. Includes timescales and decision owners.

Synonyms: escalation procedure · issue escalation

See also
Escalation timer
A timer shown on the HMI that indicates when an unresolved fault should be escalated to the next role per the escalation path.

Synonyms: escalation SLA timer

See also
Escrow copy
An independently held copy of the archive, released under agreed conditions. Reduces risk of loss or dispute.

Synonyms: third-party copy

See also
ESG (Environmental, Social, and Governance)
ESG is a reporting framework used by clients to track environmental, social, and governance performance. Project metrics (materials, energy, waste) often roll into ESG dashboards.

Synonyms: —

See also
Evaporation rate (concreting)
The rate at which bleed water evaporates; high rates demand rapid curing measures to prevent early cracking.

Synonyms: —

See also
Event chicane
A movable path constraint that reduces approach speed but is not a certified barrier; model as temporary management only.

Synonyms: temporary chicane

See also
Event kit (barriers & cones)
A pre-packed set of cones, rails, banners, and signs used to configure event modes. Logged in/out and stored near use points.

Synonyms: temporary kit

See also
Event kit (operations)
A small on-site kit (cones, barrier tape, labels, tools) to safely manage lanes during incidents or maintenance without delaying response. Align with Handover Pack Index and SLA response windows.

Synonyms: —

See also
Evidence chain
Processes (read-only finals, timestamps, logs) that keep the evidence pack trustworthy from creation to archive.

Synonyms: chain of custody (docs)

See also
Evidence checklist
An evidence checklist lists the photos, measurements, and forms needed so work is auditable and reviewer-ready.

Synonyms: evidence list

See also
Evidence gate
A milestone that requires a specific evidence pack (e.g., certificates, drawings) before works can advance to the next stage.

Synonyms: hold point (doc)

See also
Evidence index
A project-wide table listing photos, videos, certificates, and forms with IDs, dates, owners, status, and links. It is the reviewer’s “map” through the pack.

Synonyms: evidence register

See also
Evidence pack

Collected proof (reports, certifications, photos, videos) supporting claimed HVM performance.

Synonyms: evidence bundle

See also
evidence pack (case study)
A compact set of traceable files (certificates, SAT excerpts, annotated photos) that support the case study’s claims. Align filenames with the File Index & Naming Rules.

Synonyms: —

See also
Evidence pack (pricing)
For alternates, require an evidence pack with test reports, certificates, drawings and dependency notes to prove equivalence before accepting.

Synonyms: equivalence submission

See also
Evidence quality audit
A planned sampling process to verify that photos, videos, and logs match the ITP/SAT requirements and use calibrated instruments.

Synonyms: QA sampling

See also
Evidence threshold
Short note on the level of VDA, drawings, and certificates needed for approval; varies by authority and risk.

Synonyms: approval threshold

See also
Evidence type
The specified proof to attach to an ITP line item (e.g., geo-tagged photos, instrument readings, torque sheet, certificates) following the site’s evidence standards.

Synonyms: proof type

See also
Excavation permit
A PTW subtype used before trenching or pits. Confirms utility locates, shoring, and exclusion zones are in place.

Synonyms: dig permit

See also
Exclusion zone
A clearly marked area around plant, lifts, or open excavations where only authorized personnel may enter to reduce strike and fall hazards.

Synonyms: safety zone

See also
Executive snapshot
A concise one-pager that captures status, key risks, decisions needed, and dates—designed for senior stakeholders.

Synonyms: exec brief

See also
Expansion joint (paving)
A planned gap in paving or slabs that accommodates movement without cracking. Typically sealed with backer rod and elastomeric sealant.

Synonyms: movement joint

See also

F

Fail indication
Fail indications communicate a detected device or logic fault (e.g., lamp or loop failure) and trigger safe behavior such as lane inhibit and alarm reporting.

Synonyms: fault indication

See also
Fail-safe (up)

On loss of power or control, the bollard moves to or remains in the raised (blocking) position so the protected line stays closed by default.

Synonyms: default-up

See also
Fail-secure (down)

On loss of power or control, the bollard remains retracted (down) and cannot be raised until control is restored; often used to ensure emergency or fail-open access.

Synonyms: default-down

See also
Fail-state philosophy
The agreed principle (fail-safe vs fail-secure) that drives designs, tests, and wording across specs and interlocks.

Synonyms: fail policy

See also
Failure modes

Defined ways components or logic can fail, with safe responses and operator guidance.

Synonyms: fault modes

See also
false-trigger
An unwanted detection caused by noise, metalwork, or thresholds set too high/low. Controlled with joint offsets, frequency separation, and on-site tuning during loop proving.

Synonyms: nuisance trip

See also
Family index (signs)
A single legend that lists regulatory, warning, and guidance symbols with IDs used across drawings. Keeps CAD and field labelling consistent.

Synonyms: symbol master · legend block

See also
Family Window (documentation)
A manufacturer’s table or memo that defines which dimensions/sleeves/finishes remain within the tested family scope and keep the rating valid.

Synonyms: variant window

See also
Family window (geometry)
The certified bounds for height and diameter within which members of a family may be supplied without re-testing.

Synonyms: geometry window

See also
Fan curve (selection)
Fan performance plotted against static pressure; intersect with enclosure resistance to pick airflow and noise trade-offs.

Synonyms: performance curve

See also
FAT (Factory Acceptance Test)

Testing done at the manufacturer to verify panels/devices before site delivery and SAT.

Synonyms: factory tests

See also
FAT readiness review (FRR)
A short, checklist-driven review held before FAT to confirm scope, risks, roles, tools, and evidence templates. Helps avoid factory overruns and rework.

Synonyms: FRR

See also
Fault funnel
A dashboard view that groups faults by class, lane, and suspected cause to speed triage and reduce alarm floods.

Synonyms: fault breakdown

See also
Federation (BIM)
Composite model created by merging discipline models to visualize clashes and interfaces.

Synonyms: federated model

See also
feeder routing
Twisted-pair cable route from the loop to the panel, coordinated with cables & routing to avoid interference and maintain signal quality.

Synonyms: loop feeder

See also
Ferrous wear debris
Magnetically captured particles from steel wear surfaces. Rising counts suggest pump or cylinder wear; pair with ISO 4406 trends for action.

Synonyms: iron filings

See also
Ferrule (printed)
A printed sleeve applied to conductors near terminations to show IDs that match drawings and test sheets. Use UV/heat-stable materials for durability.

Synonyms: marker sleeve

See also
Field Density Test (FDT)
A site test used to verify that a compacted lift meets the specified density. Results are logged by location/lift and tied to the ITP.

Synonyms: sand cone · nuclear gauge

See also
File checksum
A hash value (e.g., SHA-256) stored with the evidence. Matching hashes confirm no alteration between capture, review, and archive.

Synonyms: hash

See also
Filename convention
A prescribed structure (e.g., SiteID_Step_Device_Date-Time) that keeps items sortable and traceable across packs and audits.

Synonyms: naming rule · file naming

See also
Final account (contracts)
The closing statement that reconciles all valuations, BOQ changes and retention releases, then archives to Final Archive.

Synonyms: account closeout

See also
Final responses pack (Q&A)
The final responses pack compiles all answered queries, with cross-references to addenda and Page-IDs. It becomes the authoritative baseline for pricing and is included in the final archive after award.

Synonyms: Q&A compendium · Final Q&A issue

See also
Fire Master (controls)
The Fire Master is a single, supervised input or state in the controller that commands pre-defined actions across bollard groups (raise, drop, inhibit). It replaces ad-hoc per-panel wiring for clarity and auditability.

Synonyms: global fire input

See also
Firmware loader
Software + drivers (and sometimes a hardware dongle) that writes firmware images to PLCs/HMIs with version control and rollback.

Synonyms: flasher

See also
First-In, First-Out (FIFO)
Inventory rule to issue the oldest dated/received consumables or spares first. Reduces expiry and degradation risk.

Synonyms: FIFO

See also
First-off inspection
A gate where the first array position is fully measured (gap, rotation, height) before production continues. Feeds the 626 verification cycle.

Synonyms: sample approval

See also
First-out alarm
The earliest causal alarm captured during an event; used to diagnose root cause and avoid chasing symptom alarms.

Synonyms: primary cause alarm

See also
Fixed Security Bollard

A static vertical post embedded into a foundation, designed to prevent vehicle passage and define a secure line.

Synonyms: fixed bollard

See also
Floatation risk (socket)
When groundwater or poor drainage raises water level, an unballasted socket can lift or shift, reducing clear-gap control and degrading performance.

Synonyms: socket buoyancy

See also
Forbidden state (controls)
A logic conflict (e.g., Raise & Lower, Auto & Bypass) that the controller must block with a clear alarm and safe outcome.

Synonyms: conflict state

See also
Form liner
A replaceable lining placed on the form face to achieve specified textures. Coordination with paving and finish class is required for consistent appearance.

Synonyms: textured liner

See also
Form tie cone
A conical insert that creates a neat recess at tie locations. Helps seal against water ingress and provides a uniform appearance for later patching or sealing.

Synonyms: tie hole

See also
Foundation cage

A reinforced steel cage (rebar) built to the foundation detail that anchors the bollard unit and distributes impact and service loads into the concrete.

Synonyms: rebar cage

See also
Foundation class
A categorization that ties bollard performance to footing type (e.g., deep, shallow) and soil assumptions. Align with 332 and depth classes.

Synonyms: footing class

See also
Foundation design checks

Structural verifications for overturning, sliding, bearing, shear, and reinforcement under rated impact.

Synonyms: footing checks

See also
Freeboard (sump)
The vertical allowance between normal high water level and the cover, used to absorb surges and allow time for alarms and response.

Synonyms: reserve head

See also
Frontage protection

Array design focused on entrances and facade lines to prevent direct vehicle access and maintain egress and visibility.

Synonyms: facade protection

See also
frontage rhythm
The repeating pattern created by centres, offsets, and array patterns that influences conspicuity and door alignment.

Synonyms: façade rhythm

See also
Frontage sensitivity
A qualitative factor combining glazing brittleness, people proximity, and setback. Higher sensitivity often favors continuous HVM arrays at the defend line.

Synonyms: facade sensitivity

See also

G

GA (General Arrangement) drawing
A coordinated plan/section/elevation set that defines array positions, clear gaps, levels, and interfaces for construction and acceptance.

Synonyms: GA plan

See also
Galvanic corrosion
Corrosion that occurs when two different metals are electrically connected and exposed to an electrolyte (rain, salt spray). The less noble metal corrodes first. See Coatings and Materials selection.

Synonyms: bimetallic corrosion

See also
Galvanic isolation
Breaking conductive paths using opto-isolation, relays, transformers, or fiber to protect safety I/O and reduce EMI issues.

Synonyms: isolation barrier

See also
Galvanic series (seawater)
A comparative list showing which metals act as anodes or cathodes in seawater. Use it to choose compatible fasteners and sleeves for coastal projects.

Synonyms: nobility chart

See also
Galvanizing growth
Small dimensional increase and meniscus build-up caused by hot-dip galvanizing. Allow for cleanup/machining on tight-fit features and specify vent/drain holes.

Synonyms: zinc growth

See also
Gap drift
A risk where design or on-site changes widen the clear-gap beyond the allowed limit, reducing effectiveness.

Synonyms: spacing drift

See also
Gap gauge
A physical spacer or caliper used on site to verify clear-gap rules quickly and consistently during inspections.

Synonyms: spacing gauge

See also
Gate pour
A release step in the programme that requires completed inspections and evidence before concrete works proceed.

Synonyms: pour release

See also
gateway signage
A coordinated set of signs and markings at the approach to a protected zone to reduce speed and clarify access, aligned with signage standards.

Synonyms: gateway signs

See also
Geo-tagged photo
A site image saved with GPS coordinates and timestamp in EXIF metadata so reviewers can verify where/when evidence was captured.

Synonyms: georeferenced image

See also
Geogrid base layer
A polymer grid placed within base layers to spread loads and improve bearing beneath shallow mount foundations.

Synonyms: geogrid; reinforced base

See also
Georeferenced photo log
A photo logbook where images are tagged to coordinates or benchmarks for traceable survey evidence.

Synonyms: geo-tagged photos

See also
georeferencing
Assigning coordinates to drawings so CAD/GIS/VDA layers align. Use survey control and consistent units.

Synonyms: geo-reference

See also
Glancing impact
An impact where the vehicle meets the array at a shallow angle, often increasing skid, climb and residual penetration.

Synonyms: oblique impact

See also
Gland plate
A panel plate drilled for IP-rated cable glands, allowing sealed entries into an electrical enclosure; part of enclosure protection strategy.

Synonyms: entry plate

See also
Glazing edge offset
The clearance from the bollard line to the nearest glass edge or mullion, sized from tested penetration and permanent set so the façade is not struck.

Synonyms: glazing offset

See also
global drop/raise (controls)
A supervisory control action that drops or raises multiple automatic lanes at once (e.g., fire override). It must follow the site’s priority matrix and fail-state philosophy.

Synonyms: site-wide drop

See also
Go/No-Go criteria
Pre-agreed, measurable thresholds that determine if a test passes or blocks acceptance. Used to avoid partial or subjective sign-offs.

Synonyms: acceptance criteria

See also
Go/No-Go decision
Used at critical steps (utilities proven, drainage approved, pre-pour) to prevent burying defects.

Synonyms: gate decision

See also
Go/No-Go gauge
A rigid bar or stepped tool sized to the specified clear-gap. If it passes through, the opening fails; if it can’t, the opening passes. Use during SAT.

Synonyms: gap gauge; test bar

See also
Golden image
Immutable archive of source, binaries, and parameters for a specific Release ID; used for rollbacks and audits.

Synonyms: master image

See also
Governing angle
The selected angle of approach that controls design checks and spacing because it produces the highest credible risk.

Synonyms: controlling angle

See also
Grade beam

Reinforced concrete beam connecting bollard bases to distribute loads where single footings are constrained.

Synonyms: tie beam

See also
Grading study
A documented comparison of fuse/breaker time–current curves to set delays and ensure selective tripping.

Synonyms: coordination study

See also
Ground bearing pressure
The contact pressure from plant or outriggers on the ground. Verified against soil/structure limits to prevent damage or instability.

Synonyms: bearing pressure

See also
Ground-Penetrating Radar (GPR)
Non-destructive survey using radar pulses to detect changes in subsurface materials—useful for non-metallic pipes, voids, and depth estimation.

Synonyms: —

See also
Groundwater effects

Influence of groundwater on footing design, corrosion, buoyancy, and long-term reliability of HVM installations.

Synonyms: water table impacts

See also
Group lock box
A box used so multiple workers can apply personal locks while one isolation point remains secure; keys are sealed inside until all personal locks are removed.

Synonyms: lock station

See also
Group stiffness (array)
The effective stiffness when multiple bollards share concrete/soil, influencing load distribution and rotations, especially at corners.

Synonyms: array stiffness

See also
Grout bed

Non-shrink grout layer used to seat sleeves or bases and achieve final level and load transfer.

Synonyms: grout pad

See also
Guard plate
A flat, skid-resistant plate that bridges a lowered bollard’s socket to keep wheels and feet from snagging. Specify texture and load rating.

Synonyms: bridging plate

See also
Guarded key switch
A keyed switch with a protective cover or shroud to prevent accidental operation. Commonly used for EFO enable, bypasses, or local-only modes. Pair with role controls and logs; related to bypass key switch and EFO initiator.

Synonyms: keyed enable switch; shrouded key switch

See also
Gully trap
A trapped drain connection that maintains a water seal; often used as the gravity outfall from bollard pits.

Synonyms: gully, trapped gully

See also

H

Hand-dig zone
A controlled area near uncertain or critical utilities where excavation is limited to hand tools or vacuum methods to reduce strike risk.

Synonyms: soft-dig zone

See also
Handback inspection
A documented inspection confirming surfaces, drainage, signage, and safety devices are restored to the approved design before removing diversions and reopening.

Synonyms: site reinstatement inspection

See also
Handlebar trap
Any arrangement that could catch or strike bicycle handlebars in shared-use areas. Avoid with smooth edges and adequate lateral clearance.

Synonyms: bar snag

See also
Handover pack

Final documentation set: as-builts, O&M, certificates, training, warranties, and acceptance records.

Synonyms: closeout pack

See also
Harmonic distortion (THD)
The % of harmonic content in voltage or current, usually expressed as THD. High THD can trip protection or overheat components. Trend THD during commissioning and operation.

Synonyms: total harmonic distortion

See also
Hazard log
A single controlled register that tracks each hazard, its accountable owner, selected controls, verification steps, and evidence links.

Synonyms: risk register

See also
headroom envelope
The continuous overhead clearance a vehicle needs along a ramp or lane, accounting for gradients and signage. Validate at nose-over and toe-in points.

Synonyms: vertical clearance

See also
Health ping

Automatic heartbeat messages confirming connectivity and basic health status.

Synonyms: heartbeat

See also
Health tile
A small on-screen card showing lane mode, comms, faults, and KPIs; links to detailed diagnostics.

Synonyms: status tile; lane tile

See also
Heartbeat (controls)
A small, regular message between nodes or from PLC to SCADA that proves liveness. Loss triggers alarms or safe states.

Synonyms: liveness ping

See also
Heartbeat jitter
Irregular ping timing that can indicate network congestion or controller load; track alongside missed pings and latency.

Synonyms: ping jitter

See also
Heat load (enclosure)
Sum of device power losses (W) that convert to heat inside an enclosure. Used to size vents, fans or cooling.

Synonyms: internal heat, thermal load

See also
Heat number traceability
Unique identifier linking steel to its mill certificate for QA; record in inspection packs and handover documentation.

Synonyms: mill heat; heat ID

See also
Heat stress index (WBGT)
The Wet Bulb Globe Temperature index guiding safe work duration, hydration, and breaks during hot-weather operations.

Synonyms: WBGT

See also
heater-thermostat pack
A compact heater with an adjustable thermostat used to prevent condensation and keep electronics within operating temperature.

Synonyms: enclosure heater

See also
Heritage curtilage
Heritage curtilage defines limits near protected assets where visual/physical changes are controlled; align arrays and finishes accordingly.

Synonyms: conservation boundary

See also
Hierarchy of controls
A standard ranking for selecting risk controls, favoring elimination and engineering measures over administrative rules and PPE.

Synonyms: control hierarchy

See also
Historian (SCADA)
A service that archives tag values over time with timestamps and quality flags for analysis, dashboards, and reports.

Synonyms: data historian

See also
HMI (Human–Machine Interface)

Buttons, touchscreen, and indicators enabling operators to command and monitor bollard systems.

Synonyms: local controls, HMI panel

See also
HMI micro-training
Bite-sized training panels embedded in the HMI that show steps, tips, and recovery hints for routine and exception tasks.

Synonyms: inline help; just-in-time training

See also
HMI style guide
A UI standard that defines colors, widgets, message wording, and layouts so operators see consistent, clear screens.

Synonyms: HMI guidelines

See also
HMI wireframe
Low-fidelity layouts of HMI screens used to confirm messages, colors, and navigation before coding.

Synonyms: HMI mockup

See also
Hold line
A transverse marking indicating where vehicles must stop to request or await permission to proceed. Pair it with lane status signals and clear totem messages.

Synonyms: stop bar

See also
Hold point
A control step in the ITP or SAT where work cannot proceed until inspection or witnessing is signed off. See SAT / Witness Procedure.

Synonyms: inspection hold

See also
Hold/witness point notice
A short form that announces a hold point or witness point, listing scope, date, and prerequisites.

Synonyms: witness notice

See also
Holding pen
A holding pen is a managed waiting area used to meter crowd entry/exit during event modes. Size it from peak/off-peak counts and access & circulation needs.

Synonyms: queuing area; fan pen

See also
holding pen (staging)
A short queuing/staging bay that prevents spillback and keeps the defend line unobstructed during checks or instructions.

Synonyms: staging bay

See also
Holiday test
A non-destructive test that detects discontinuities in protective coatings on metal using low/high-voltage spark methods.

Synonyms: pinhole test

See also
Honeycombing (concrete)
Localized voids or stone nests caused by insufficient vibration or blocked flow, often near sleeves and congested steel.

Synonyms: rock pockets

See also
Hostile vehicles

Vehicles intentionally used to penetrate a secure area or transport an explosive device into a protected zone.

See also
Hot standby (PLC)
A redundant PLC configuration where a secondary CPU mirrors states and can assume control with minimal disruption. Used on high-availability lanes.

Synonyms: warm standby

See also
Hot-work permit
A PTW subtype that controls fire risks during cutting/welding/grinding. Requires fire watch and extinguishers on site.

Synonyms: hot works permit

See also
hotspots (security)
Use hotspots to prioritize protection near doors, corners, and run-up corridors. They steer array choice and spacing checks.

Synonyms: critical points

See also
HPU (Hydraulic Power Unit)

The pump, motor, reservoir, and valves that generate and control hydraulic pressure for operating hydraulic bollards, often serving multiple units.

Synonyms: HPU

See also
HPU autonomy
Calculated runtime from accumulators/UPS to sustain critical movements during outages; aligns with power failure modes.

Synonyms: ride-through time

See also
HVM (Hostile Vehicle Mitigation)

A coordinated set of physical and operational measures to prevent or reduce the impact of hostile or errant vehicles on people, buildings, or assets.

Synonyms: hostile vehicle mitigation

See also
Hybrid bollard system
A design approach that combines passive fixed/removable posts with active automatic lanes to balance security, cost, and throughput.

Synonyms: mixed bollard array

See also
Hydraulic accumulator (EFO)
A pressure vessel on the HPU that stores energy so the system can complete an EFO during brownout/outage.

Synonyms: accumulator

See also
Hydraulic drive (bollard)
Hydraulic drives use a centralized or local HPU to deliver high thrust and fast EFO response.

Synonyms: hydraulic actuation

See also
Hydrostatic head
The pressure exerted by standing groundwater on pits and foundations; used in buoyancy and leakage checks.

Synonyms: hydraulic head

See also
Hydrostatic uplift
Check uplift where groundwater can rise above the base. Mitigate with underdrains, ballast/anchors, or anti-float design and verify outfall NRVs.

Synonyms: buoyancy uplift

See also
Hysteresis (alarms)
In alarms, hysteresis uses a wider “clear” band so signals must return well inside limits before clearing. This reduces nuisance alarms and supports 536 Alarm Philosophy.

Synonyms: deadband

See also

I

I/O list
The definitive spreadsheet of inputs/outputs with tags, types, ranges, test methods, and mappings used from design through SAT.

Synonyms: point list

See also
I/O mapping (device)
I/O mapping ties each device to PLC/relay addresses and terminals, ensuring traceability from drawings to tests. Keep mappings synced with the I/O list.

Synonyms: address mapping · point mapping

See also
Icu/Ics
Ratings for maximum fault current a breaker can safely interrupt (Icu) and withstand in service (Ics). Must exceed prospective short-circuit current.

Synonyms: breaking capacity

See also
IK rating
A durability class for how well an electrical enclosure resists physical impact. Use alongside IP ratings when selecting outdoor cabinets.

Synonyms: —

See also
Immutable archive
A write-protected bundle created at handover. Changes are added through controlled releases without altering the original set.

Synonyms: frozen archive; write-protected archive

See also
Impact angle

The angle in the horizontal plane between the test vehicle’s approach path and the face of the test item at the intended impact.

See also
Impact energy
A simple indicator of crash severity based on test vehicle mass and impact speed. Useful for comparing low-speed and HVM regimes at a high level.

Synonyms: kinetic energy (context)

See also
Impact load

Resultant loads (force, moment, shear) imparted to bollard and foundation during a vehicle strike.

Synonyms: collision load

See also
Impact point

The first location where the test vehicle makes contact with the barrier or bollard during an impact test.

See also
Impact witness marks
Scrapes, paint transfer, or deformation lines that reveal the approach vector and energy direction during an incident.

Synonyms: —

See also
Incident command
A lightweight command structure that names the Incident Lead and deputies, defining who authorizes mode changes and communications.

Synonyms: command structure

See also
Incident lead
The designated authority who authorizes EFO/overrides, coordinates stewards, and communicates with blue-light responders.

Synonyms: duty supervisor

See also
Incident message pack
A set of short, bilingual messages for PA/VMS/radio that reduce confusion and speed coordinated responses.

Synonyms: message templates

See also
Incident replay buffer
Configurable pre/post time window saved around events (e.g., EFO, bollard rise) to support investigations and evidence packs.

Synonyms: pre/post buffer

See also
Index CSV
A comma-separated file that lists evidence items or submissions with filename, revision, status, and cross-references. Used in submissions and archives.

Synonyms: manifest csv; evidence csv

See also
Indexation (price adjustment)
A method to adjust prices for currency or materials using agreed indices, defined in the procurement strategy.

Synonyms: escalation

See also
Induction loop

An in-ground loop of insulated wire connected to a detector that senses the presence of a vehicle for safety (preventing closure) or for automatic opening commands.

Synonyms: loop detector

See also
inductive proximity sensor
A solid-state sensor that detects metallic targets (e.g., bollard head or flag) to confirm “up/down” positions without physical contact.

Synonyms: prox sensor

See also
Industry Foundation Classes (IFC)
An open data model for exchanging BIM objects and properties between tools. Preferred for model handoff.

Synonyms: IFC

See also
Inertial test vehicle mass

The mass of the test vehicle together with any prescribed ballast used to achieve the required inertial mass for the test standard.

See also
Infiltration capacity
The rate at which a soil or soakaway can accept water, used when sizing soakaways and outfalls.

Synonyms: infiltration rate

See also
Inhibit (controls)
A deliberate block applied by safety devices or logic. Inhibits always pair with annunciation so operators can recover safely.

Synonyms: interlock block

See also
Inhibit reason
A brief message tied to the interlock matrix that tells the operator which condition prevents a command and how to clear it.

Synonyms: block reason

See also
Inline vs staggered frontage
Two common array patterns for storefronts: straight “inline” lines and “staggered” layouts that present steel to glancing vectors near recesses.

Synonyms: frontage layouts

See also
Inrush current
Peak current drawn at start-up, often several times the steady current. Critical for breaker curves, cable sizing, and volt-drop checks.

Synonyms: starting current

See also
Insertion loss (acoustic screen)
The reduction in measured sound level when an acoustic barrier or enclosure is installed between the source and receiver. Depends on height, gaps, and line-of-sight.

Synonyms: barrier loss

See also
Inspection & Test Plan (ITP)

The ITP defines what is inspected or tested, the acceptance criteria, and who signs off. See page 714 and related commissioning pages (630–639).

Synonyms: Inspection Test Plan

See also
inspection band
A maintained clearance zone around each bollard to allow safe inspection and cleaning without obstructing accessory power points or covers.

Synonyms: maintenance strip

See also
Inspection pack
Curated drawings, checklists, and certificate excerpts prepared for a specific inspection. Usually includes the relevant ITP line and evidence standards.

Synonyms: inspection folder

See also
Instrument ID
A serialized identifier (e.g., meter no., gauge ID) that links readings to a specific instrument and its calibration certificate. Include on each ITP line.

Synonyms: tool ID · equipment ID

See also
Insulation resistance (IR)
The IR test checks the health of cable and device insulation with a megohmmeter before power-on. Clean readings reduce nuisance trips and faults. See Electrical Supply & Protection.

Synonyms: insulation test · megger test

See also
Interface Control Document (ICD)
A controlled document that defines signals, data points, wiring, protocols, and responsibilities between systems (e.g., bollard PLC and BMS/SCADA). Includes revision history and test requirements.

Synonyms: interface spec

See also
Interlock (matrix)

A table of conditions that must be true before a command executes (e.g., raise bollard only when sensors are clear).

Synonyms: permissive logic

See also
Intrusion scenario (testing)
A modeled sequence (e.g., tailgating) used to confirm the lane denies entry or reverses safely, with events captured in the COS log.

Synonyms: tailgating test

See also
Intrusion test

Test to verify the system detects obstructions in the danger zone and responds safely.

Synonyms: obstruction test

See also
IP rating (Ingress Protection)
Coded rating for enclosure resistance to solids and liquids (e.g., IP5X, IPX6). Select for sand and washdown exposure.

Synonyms: ingress protection

See also
Island cluster
A compact group (or “island”) of posts that interrupts run-up distance while preserving pedestrian desire lines and emergency widths.

Synonyms: cluster island

See also
Island nose
The forward-most point of an island that first meets approaching vehicles; often hosts a stronger or higher-class post.

Synonyms: chicane nose

See also
Islanding (bollard array)
Designing arrays as small islands so any damage is confined and operations can reroute. Useful at gates and bends.

Synonyms: array segmentation

See also
ISO 4406 cleanliness code
Standard used to grade hydraulic oil cleanliness by particle size/count (e.g., 18/16/13). Helps set maintenance and filtration targets.

Synonyms: oil cleanliness code

See also
Isolation washer
Typically nylon or PTFE components placed under bolt heads/nuts to interrupt the electrical path. Use with sleeves/bushes for full isolation.

Synonyms: insulating washer, isolation gasket

See also
Issue-for-Use (Approved)
Status applied when a document is formally approved and can be used in construction, testing, or submittals.

Synonyms: Approved; IFU

See also
IWA 14-1

An international standard specifying full-scale vehicle impact tests for barriers and bollards, including methods and a classification stating vehicle, speed, and penetration.

Synonyms: IWA test

See also

J

Job Safety Analysis (JSA)
A short form that breaks a job into steps, identifies hazards, and lists controls; often paired with PTW.

Synonyms: Job Hazard Analysis (JHA)

See also
Jog box
A compact control box providing jog/raise/lower and E-stop for maintenance or commissioning. Often used with Safe Local Mode.

Synonyms: portable HMI

See also
Jump server (bastion host)
A hardened host used as the single entry point for administrative access to sensitive network segments.

Synonyms: bastion host

See also

K

K-rating (legacy)

An older U.S. Department of State impact rating (K4, K8, K12) largely superseded by ASTM F2656; still seen on legacy documents but not recommended for new specs.

Synonyms: DoS K8/K12 (legacy)

See also
K-turn pad
A reserved rectangular pad that lets service vehicles reverse and shunt without encroaching on protected areas.

Synonyms: three-point turn

See also
keepered access
Operational concept where a keepered opening is managed with lines, signs, and escorts to maintain the defend line.

Synonyms: —

See also
Keepered cover
A protective, usually hinged or tethered, cover for a removable bollard socket that preserves the clear-gap and avoids trip/ingress issues.

Synonyms: captive cover

See also
Keepered dimensions
The measured minimum/maximum limits that maintain a bounded opening, controlled by adjacent fixed elements.

Synonyms: bounded opening limits

See also
Keepered edge
A physical, verifiable boundary that prevents gap drift in an opening. Often paired with keepered dimensions and inspection checks.

Synonyms: keepered boundary

See also
Keepered opening
A removable-pair gap with a lockable keeper so the clear-gap cannot be left open unintentionally. Use for rare service access.

Synonyms: keepered gap

See also
Kerb radius
The geometric radius used where two kerb lines meet. Larger radii allow faster turning and higher approach speeds at corners.

Synonyms: curb radius

See also
key plan
A simplified plan view used to orient readers before detail figures. Often includes numbered callouts and camera positions.

Synonyms: location plan

See also
Kidney-loop filtration
An auxiliary pump+filter loop that circulates oil through a high-efficiency element to maintain cleanliness without stopping the HPU.

Synonyms: offline filtration

See also
KPI (Ops/hour, cycle time)

Operational indicators like operations/hour, cycle time, and availability used to tune maintenance and SLAs.

Synonyms: performance indicators

See also
KPI baseline export
An initial export of counters and KPIs (ops/hour, cycle time, availability) captured post-SAT to serve as a reference for trends.

Synonyms: baseline KPIs

See also
KPI-triggered review
When metrics like ops/hour or MTBF breach set limits, the system creates a review task with attached logs so teams can act quickly.

Synonyms: KPI review

See also

L

L-rating

A legacy penetration classification (L1–L3) indicating vehicle penetration distance used alongside K-ratings. Superseded by modern penetration class schemes.

Synonyms: penetration class (legacy)

See also
Landside (airport)
Public concourses, drop-off loops, and curbside where crowds are densest. Often requires crash-rated frontage protection and managed crossings.

Synonyms: curbside

See also
Lane identifier
Lane identifiers (e.g., A/B/C) label bollard portals and help marshals direct flows and log incidents precisely.

Synonyms: lane ID; lane code

See also
lane logic
Rules that translate sensor inputs into safe commands for a lane’s devices (e.g., bollards, signals). Often expressed in an interlock matrix and state machine.

Synonyms: lane control logic

See also
Lane occupancy
Utilization measure of a bollard portal. High occupancy with long cycles signals a possible throughput bottleneck.

Synonyms: utilization

See also
Lane set (automatic)
An active array operated together with loops, signals and an interlock matrix to control a single traffic lane.

Synonyms: automatic lane

See also
Lane-down kit
A curated set of critical parts (e.g., head, seals, controller card) kept on site to minimize MTTR for a lane outage.

Synonyms: emergency spares kit

See also
Lap splice
The designed overlap between two reinforcing bars to transfer force by bond. Length depends on bar size, class, and concrete properties.

Synonyms: lap; splice length

See also
Latched access state
A control mode where a single verified input sets the lane to “Access Granted” for a defined period, logged and annunciated.

Synonyms: maintained state

See also
Latched alarm
Used for critical conditions to force acknowledgment and a reset sequence. Reduces missed serious events.

Synonyms: maintained alarm

See also
Latched fault
A safety-significant fault that blocks motion until an authorized reset confirms the root cause is cleared.

Synonyms: latched condition

See also
Latched inhibit
A safety lock that prevents motion until a human confirms the area is safe. Common after edge/beam trips per the Alarm Philosophy (536) and the Interlock Matrix (352).

Synonyms: latched safety inhibit · latched stop

See also
Latched manual release
A protected mechanical/electrical release that sets and maintains an access state until reset, with full audit logging.

Synonyms: held override

See also
Latched message
A latched message is a safety-critical notice that remains active until an operator performs a defined acknowledgment/reset sequence, improving recovery discipline.

Synonyms: latched alert

See also
layby (lay-by)
A marked pull-in adjacent to the carriageway used for short stops or refuge. Size to avoid spillback and to protect the defend line.

Synonyms: pull-in bay

See also
laydown zone
A planned, signed area for temporary storage and staging of materials. Good laydown protects finishes, preserves labels, and keeps access routes clear.

Synonyms: staging area

See also
Layer matrix
A controlled table that defines layer names, colors, linetypes, and on/off rules so outputs plot consistently. Typically published with the layer naming convention.

Synonyms: layer schedule

See also
Layer naming convention (CAD)
A short standard for naming CAD/GIS layers (e.g., S912-DefendLine, S912-RunUp) so reviewers can toggle information quickly and avoid confusion.

Synonyms: CAD layer standard

See also
Lead witness
The individual who sequences steps, manages safety, and interfaces with the recorder and approvers during witnessed testing.

Synonyms: session lead

See also
Leading edge of goods vehicle load platform

The forward edge of the top surface of a load bed where it intersects the headboard; used as a datum in penetration measurements for certain vehicle classes.

See also
Leak (timed drop) test
Fill the chamber to a set level, isolate inflow/outflow, and measure level loss over time to confirm watertightness before handover.

Synonyms: leak test; drop test

See also
Lean-mix blinding
A thin, low-cement concrete layer used to provide a clean, level base and seal soft subgrades before placing a shallow foundation.

Synonyms: blinding layer

See also
Legacy mapping (colors)
A legacy mapping table helps technicians translate historical color schemes to the new standard without mistakes.

Synonyms: color translation table

See also
Legitimate vehicles

Vehicles authorized to access a secure area and not used with malicious intent.

See also
Lessons-learned register
A structured log of observations, root causes, and corrective actions linked to evidence. It drives continuous improvement across HVM projects.

Synonyms: LL register

See also
Level of Development (LOD)
Specifies required geometric detail by stage (e.g., foundations, sleeves, ducts), ensuring models are buildable and coordinated.

Synonyms: —

See also
Level of Information (LOI)
Defines non-geometric properties (e.g., rating string, serials) that schedules and BOQs depend on.

Synonyms: —

See also
Leveled jig
A site jig or frame set to level that fixes sleeve/plinth tops while concrete cures, improving consistency of rating-critical heights.

Synonyms: leveling frame

See also
Levelling

Process of setting precise elevations and plumb to meet alignment tolerances and visual requirements.

Synonyms: level & alignment

See also
Levelling nut
Used on anchor studs to set plate level during install; backed off after grout sets to avoid point loading.

Synonyms: leveling nut

See also
lever arm (vehicle)
When a vehicle’s body or bumper can push on a corner or nose to rotate a bollard array or widen a gap.

Synonyms: prying point

See also
License dongle (IDE)
Some IDEs require a USB or software key. Track license owners/expiry and store recovery keys in the handover pack (736).

Synonyms: hardware key

See also
Life to first maintenance
An estimate of coating service life before the first maintenance cycle, based on system, environment, and DFT.

Synonyms: LTFM

See also
Lift height (concrete)
The planned layer thickness placed before vibration. Consistent lifts help avoid voids around the foundation cage.

Synonyms: pour lift

See also
Lift plan
The written plan covering load data, route, roles, signals, weather/ground limits, rigging, and PTW prerequisites; linked to ITP hold points.

Synonyms: lifting plan

See also
Lift thickness
The thickness of each backfill layer prior to compaction. Matched to equipment class and aggregate size to achieve the specified density.

Synonyms: layer thickness

See also
Light bollard

A non-impact-resistant bollard used primarily for pathway or landscape illumination; provides visual guidance and lighting, not vehicle-stopping capability.

Synonyms: pathway bollard

See also
like-for-like substitution
A change where the replacement part/model is already covered by the product’s certified family and keeps the rating string unchanged.

Synonyms: equivalent swap

See also
likelihood band
Bands (e.g., rare/possible/likely) convert uncertain frequencies into decision-friendly categories.

Synonyms: probability band

See also
Lippage (paving)
Vertical misalignment at a joint that can cause trip risk and poor drainage. Controlled by acceptance bands.

Synonyms: step, trip lip

See also
Liquidated damages
Contractual amounts payable if critical dates are missed. Useful for protecting SAT and go-live without weakening ITP hold points.

Synonyms: LDs

See also
Load shedding (controls)
A mode that disconnects non-critical accessory circuits to reserve power for safety and drive functions, especially during EFO or backup operation.

Synonyms: demand shedding

See also
Local buckling
Wrinkling/kinking of the tube wall, often near the socket. Controlled by D/t, material, and plastic hinge length.

Synonyms: —

See also
Lock shroud
A formed or welded shield that limits tool access to padlocks or cylinders, improving anti-tamper performance.

Synonyms: lock guard

See also
Lock transfer log
A log capturing which isolations persist and who now owns each lock during shift handover, with time stamps and signatures.

Synonyms: shift lock log

See also
Lockdown mode
A site mode that drives selected lanes to their secure state and locks non-essential controls while maintaining blue-light access paths.

Synonyms: site lockdown

See also
Lockout/Tagout (LOTO)
A safety method to isolate, physically lock, and tag energy sources so equipment cannot start or move during work. Includes verify-zero steps.

Synonyms: LOTO · lock out tag out

See also
LOLER (certificates)
Inspection/certification records for lifting equipment and accessories demonstrating fitness for use and current status.

Synonyms: lifting certs

See also
Long-sweep bend
A bend with a radius greater than a standard elbow, reducing pull tension and sheath damage. Preferred at pit risers and panel entries.

Synonyms: long radius elbow

See also
Look-ahead (programme)
A rolling short-term plan showing upcoming works, inspections, and constraints for coordination across trades.

Synonyms: two-week lookahead

See also
Loop & sensor proving

Formal tests that show induction loops and safety devices detect presence/obstruction correctly.

Synonyms: sensor proving

See also
Loop base inductance
Baseline value used to choose frequency channels and sensitivity; significant drift may indicate wiring faults or moisture ingress. See Induction Loops (344) and the Loop Placement Helper (929).

Synonyms: base L · L0 (loop)

See also
loop detector
A detector module that measures changes in a buried induction loop to signal vehicle presence to the PLC/Controller.

Synonyms: inductive loop detector; vehicle loop detector

See also
Loop lead-in (twisted)
Maintain twist rate and pot all joints to minimize cross-talk and noise pickup, especially on long runs and near power cables.

Synonyms: loop tail · twisted lead-in

See also
Loop simulator
A commissioning tool used to emulate loop presence/absence so sensors and interlocks can be proven without live traffic.

Synonyms: loop tester

See also
Loopback plug
A temporary connector or wire link used to simulate a device signal or return path during commissioning, enabling logic tests without field hardware.

Synonyms: loop link

See also
Low-Speed Impact Energy Quick-Check
An indicative table and companion spreadsheet that converts VDA inputs into a rough energy tier to guide early selection. Use the full calculator for final decisions.

Synonyms: energy quick-check

See also
Low-surface-energy film
A replaceable, clear film with low surface energy that makes stickers and residues easier to remove from caps and sleeves.

Synonyms: anti-sticker film

See also
Luminance sample (signs)
A measured light level from signs or beacons to confirm legibility in day/night conditions and meet maintenance thresholds.

Synonyms: brightness check

See also

M

Machining allowance (galv)
Design margin to re-machine bores/faces after galvanizing growth, keeping fits within (315) tolerances.

Synonyms: post-galv allowance

See also
Maintenance interval
The planned time or usage between preventive tasks. Intervals may be calendar-based or counter-based (e.g., operations count).

Synonyms: service interval

See also
Maintenance window
A preplanned period in low-traffic hours to perform inspections or repairs under PTW/LOTO, minimizing operational disruption.

Synonyms: service window

See also
Major debris

Any item of mass ≥25 kg detached from the vehicle, ballast, or barrier system that travels beyond the barrier datum line; its dispersion is recorded in test reports.

See also
Mandrel test
A QA step that pulls a sized mandrel through a conduit to confirm internal diameter and detect kinks or debris before cable installation; usually a witness point.

Synonyms: proving test

See also
manifest CSV
A CSV that lists every file in the pack with path, size, version, and SHA-256 checksum. Helps reviewers audit traceability and archives to verify integrity.

Synonyms: index csv

See also
Manual hand-pump (HPU)
A small lever or foot-operated pump that moves hydraulic fluid to raise or lower bollards when power is unavailable. Include LOTO and zero-energy verification in the SOP.

Synonyms: emergency hand pump

See also
manual release (EM)
A safeguarded mechanism that lets technicians decouple brakes or drives to raise/lower a bollard during outages. Use with documented LOTO.

Synonyms: emergency release

See also
Manual retractable

A hand-operated bollard that can be raised and lowered manually (often gas-assist) and locked in the up or down position without power.

Synonyms: telescopic bollard

See also
Margin of safety
The additional headroom applied to a calculation (speed, angle, mass) to keep penetration and clear-gaps within limits under uncertainty. Often expressed as a percentage.

Synonyms: safety margin

See also
Mark-out (utilities)
Standardized color codes, arrows, and depth notes placed on the surface after surveys; must be dated and transferred into redline plans.

Synonyms: utility marking

See also
marshal line
A marshal line is a temporary visual or barrier line used by stewards to widen or redirect pedestrian corridors during events.

Synonyms: steward line

See also
Master schedule (HVM)
The top-level programme connecting permits, utilities, civils, controls and witness tests for HVM delivery.

Synonyms: integrated programme

See also
Matrix row traceability
Method to map every matrix condition→action to commissioning and SAT steps so tests prove the design.

Synonyms: row→test mapping

See also
Mean Time To Repair (MTTR)
Operational metric expressing the average duration to diagnose, repair, and return equipment to service. Lower MTTR improves availability when paired with standardized parts and good access.

Synonyms: repair time

See also
Measurement record sheet
A tabular template that logs height, plumb/level, clear-gap, and fastener torque with tolerances and bollard IDs to preserve traceability.

Synonyms: measurement log

See also
Media tree (as-built)
A consistent folder hierarchy for as-built drawings, photos, and test footage. Mirror sheet numbers and registers for fast retrieval.

Synonyms: file tree; directory tree

See also
Membrane curing
A liquid applied to new concrete that forms a thin film to reduce evaporation and aid hydration. Use where later coatings remain compatible.

Synonyms: curing compound

See also
Membrane vent
ePTFE or similar vent allowing pressure equalization while keeping out water and fine dust in sealed enclosures.

Synonyms: vent plug

See also
Meniscus edge (galv)
Local bead or thick edge formed as molten zinc drains. Specify cleanup to avoid interference with sleeves, caps, or paving interfaces.

Synonyms: zinc bead; edge build-up

See also
MEP provision

Mechanical, electrical, and plumbing allowances required for installation—such as ducting, power feeds, drainage, and control cable routes—coordinated before civil works.

Synonyms: services provision

See also
Mesh convergence
A modeling quality check: refine the mesh until key outputs change trivially. Helps prove stability of FEA predictions.

Synonyms: mesh refinement

See also
Method Statement (MS)
A controlled document that details how tasks will be carried out, including steps, roles, hold points, and acceptance criteria. It references the ITP and evidence rules.

Synonyms: —

See also
MEWP (Mobile Elevating Work Platform)
Plant such as scissor or boom lifts used to position people and light components safely at height. Selection considers reach, headroom, surface, and weather limits.

Synonyms: boom lift · cherry picker

See also
MFA (Multi-Factor Authentication)
Combines something you know (password) with something you have/are (token, biometric) to reduce unauthorized access risk.

Synonyms: 2FA

See also
Micro-channel (surface drain)
A shallow, narrow drainage path formed in the surface to relieve local ponding without visible grates.

Synonyms: micro channel, relief channel

See also
Micro-pile foundation
A foundation using small-diameter piles tied by a reinforced cap to support an HVM post. Useful on weak soils or constrained sites.

Synonyms: mini-pile

See also
Min–max stock level
A min–max policy sets floor/ceiling quantities; orders top up stock to the max when it falls to the min.

Synonyms: min/max levels

See also
Missed-ping threshold
A site rule (e.g., three pings) that balances sensitivity with noise in heartbeat monitoring.

Synonyms: ping loss threshold

See also
Mixed-type array

Arrays that mix passive, removable, and automatic devices to balance access needs with HVM performance.

Synonyms: hybrid array

See also
Mock I/O panel
A temporary panel or jig wired to the controller that simulates field devices for FAT, enabling safe, repeatable SoO testing.

Synonyms: simulator panel

See also
Modbus
Open protocol (RTU/TCP) used to expose registers for states, alarms, and counters. Keep control functions local where safety matters.

Synonyms: —

See also
Mode authority
A defined hierarchy that decides whether Local, Remote, or Safe Local can command the system.

Synonyms: control authority

See also
Mode error
A human-factors failure where the system or operator is in an unintended mode; mitigated by clear modes of operation, prompts, and interlocks.

Synonyms: mode confusion

See also
Model correlation

Process of validating numerical models by comparing outputs to physical test data within agreed tolerances.

Synonyms: simulation correlation

See also
Modes of operation

Predefined behaviors (normal, lockdown, free-pass, EFO, maintenance) selected via HMI or schedules.

Synonyms: operating modes

See also
moment envelope
Upper–lower bounds of base moment used during optioneering to bracket feasible foundation classes.

Synonyms: —

See also
motorcycle surrogate (test piece)
A standard metal block/wheel used during loop proving to simulate small vehicle signatures.

Synonyms: test wheel; metal surrogate

See also
Movement budget
A documented allowance that combines peak deflection, permanent set, and installation tolerances to ensure the clear-gap remains compliant post-impact.

Synonyms: deflection allowance

See also
Movement timeout
Timer that detects stalls or obstructions during bollard travel and commands a controlled stop.

Synonyms: stall timeout

See also
MS/RA (RAMS)
Shorthand for the paired documents that define how work is done and the risks/controls. Often submitted together for approval.

Synonyms: RAMS

See also
MTBF

Average operating time between inherent failures; used for planning maintenance intervals and spares.

Synonyms: reliability metric

See also
MTTA (Mean Time To Acknowledge)
A KPI measuring responsiveness: the elapsed time between alarm generation and operator acknowledgement.

Synonyms: acknowledge time

See also
Multi-port transit
A modular block system that seals several cables/hoses through a single penetration while maintaining IP/fire rating. Reduces wall coring and simplifies maintenance.

Synonyms: cable transit

See also
Multi-vehicle / multi-hit

Scenarios where two or more vehicles, or repeated impacts, may occur; influences array robustness, spacing, and reset plans.

Synonyms: sequential hits, multiple strikes

See also
Mutual exclusion (controls)
A guard that prevents two commands from executing simultaneously (e.g., Raise and Lower), keeping operation deterministic.

Synonyms: mutex

See also

N

Navisworks Cache (NWC)
A lightweight cached model used for clash detection and federated reviews; exported from authoring tools.

Synonyms: NWD (viewer package)

See also
NCR (Nonconformance Report)
A documented issue raised when works or materials don’t meet requirements. Include photos per Evidence Capture Standards and reference the affected section.

Synonyms: Non-conformance · Defect report

See also
Near-door spacing
Spacing rule used at entrances where people cluster. Works with door protection arrays and clear-gap rules.

Synonyms: doorway spacing

See also
Near-miss
An event with the potential for injury, damage, or disruption that did not result in harm. Recording near-misses helps remove hidden risks.

Synonyms: close call

See also
NEMA rating
North American enclosure classification (e.g., Type 3R, 4, 4X) covering environmental protection and corrosion resistance. Map alongside IP rating when specifying cabinets.

Synonyms: —

See also
Night auto-dimming
Night auto-dimming lowers signal intensity after dark to prevent glare while keeping color discrimination and conspicuity intact.

Synonyms: automatic dimming

See also
Night mode (operations)
A programmed operating state that limits operations/hour, softens ramps, dims beacons, and mutes audible alarms during curfew windows while maintaining safety and security priorities.

Synonyms: curfew mode

See also
night/quiet mode
A timed operating profile that reduces actuation noise and beacon brightness while preserving safety interlocks and access rules.

Synonyms: quiet hours mode

See also
No-go envelope
The radial and vertical zones around a live utility where excavation or structural elements are prohibited without further controls.

Synonyms: exclusion envelope

See also
Noise floor (site)
The ambient sound level at a site before the HPU or drive operates. Establish it to separate source noise from background and to assess audibility at receptors.

Synonyms: ambient noise

See also
Noise monitoring plan
A short protocol defining meters, locations, frequency, and thresholds for site noise checks, with actions when measurements exceed limits.

Synonyms: acoustic monitoring plan

See also
Non-yellowing clear coat
A UV-stable clear protective layer applied over color coats or stainless to preserve appearance and ease cleaning.

Synonyms: UV-stable clear; anti-UV clear

See also
North arrow
A standard map symbol that indicates geographic north on plans and overlays. Always include it with a scale bar to aid reviewer orientation.

Synonyms: orientation arrow

See also
Notification tree
A predefined sequence of contacts with time targets for alerting site, management, and client roles after incidents or near-misses.

Synonyms: call tree · escalation tree

See also
NTP (Network Time Protocol)
Protocol that synchronizes clocks across panels, HMIs, and servers so logs/KPIs align. Often paired with GPS as a stratum-1 source.

Synonyms: —

See also
Nuisance alarm
Frequent, low-value alarms caused by noisy sensors or poor thresholds. Reduction methods include debounce, persistence, and sensor tuning.

Synonyms: false alarm (operations)

See also
Nuisance trip
Often caused by glare, rain streaks, vibration, or electrical noise. Mitigate via receiver gain, beam hoods, debounce/filtering, and cable routing; log in the change record.

Synonyms: false trigger · spurious trip

See also

O

O&M manual (bollards)
The compiled guide covering safety, operation, maintenance, troubleshooting, parts, drawings, warranty, and records for a site’s bollard system. Links to FDS and PMP.

Synonyms: O&M; operations manual

See also
Obsolescence plan
Defines monitoring of vendor notices, last-buy timing, and retrofit paths that keep the crash rating intact. Links to upgrade paths.

Synonyms: EOL plan

See also
Obstruction test
A structured field test that places standard surrogates in the lane to verify detection and protective actions. Links to 635.

Synonyms: obstruction proving

See also
Occupant risk (VSB)
Optional metrics (e.g., head/neck) considered in some programs. Supplementary to penetration/dispersion; check authority needs and SIRA (UAE) context.

Synonyms: —

See also
Oil–water separator
A treatment unit used to remove oils from pumped water prior to lawful discharge to storm or sewer; sizing depends on expected flow and contaminant load.

Synonyms: interceptor

See also
One-page index
A concise front sheet for submission packs that lists contents, revisions, contacts, and review notes. It improves reviewer navigation and speeds approval.

Synonyms: submission cover

See also
One-page index (O&M)
A compact contents sheet linking to key O&M sections, forms, and drawings so reviewers/FM teams can retrieve items quickly during audits.

Synonyms: quick index; navigator

See also
Operational dashboard

UI showing live states, alarms, counts, and trends for decision-making and reporting.

Synonyms: ops dashboard

See also
Operational Requirements Document

A requirements document based on analysis of operational problems and outcomes, used to brief and evaluate security designs and systems.

Synonyms: ORD

See also
Operations per hour
A utilization counter used for KPI trends and maintenance planning; often paired with duty/cycle time.

Synonyms: ops/hour

See also
Operator recovery hint
A concise message (e.g., “Clear exit loop; then acknowledge”) that reduces MTTR and guides safe restoration of service.

Synonyms: alarm help text

See also
Opex (Operational Expenditure)
Annual costs for energy, inspections, spares, and repairs. Use with TCO to compare options.

Synonyms: operating cost

See also
Ops/hour
Throughput rate for an automatic bollard lane: the count of completed up–down stroke cycles per hour, excluding maintenance/bypass periods.

Synonyms: operations/hour; hourly ops

See also
Orientation dependency
A certificate note stating the product’s rating applies only for certain approach lanes or array orientations.

Synonyms: orientation limits

See also
Orientation match (equivalence)
A requirement in equivalence reviews that the proposed system matches the tested orientation/angle stated in the rating string and certificate. Use comparability notes per 413.

Synonyms: orientation parity

See also
Ornamental bollard
A bollard used primarily for looks or wayfinding. It is not a security measure unless tested and documented. See Aesthetics.

Synonyms: decorative bollard

See also
Outrigger pad
A pad placed under crane or MEWP outriggers to reduce bearing pressure and protect slabs, trenches, and foundations.

Synonyms: spreader pad

See also
Ovalization
A serviceability issue tied to D/t and wall; limits are set so clear gaps remain compliant after impact.

Synonyms: ovality

See also
Overall vibration (RMS)
RMS vibration condenses spectrum data into one trendable value. Use it to set percentage-change alarms before deeper analysis.

Synonyms: overall level

See also
overlay export pack
A repeatable bundle for reviews and submittals. Names follow the file index & naming rules.

Synonyms: overlay deliverables

See also
Overrun (low-speed)
A low-speed acceptance metric paired with penetration to judge post-impact travel relative to a defined line.

Synonyms: —

See also
Overturning moment (foundation)
The design moment applied at the bollard base and footing due to impact loads. Used to size footing depth/width and verify stability.

Synonyms: base moment

See also
Owner’s Engineer
A specialist engaged by the client to review designs, submittals, tests, and changes on their behalf, ensuring requirements and security intent are preserved.

Synonyms: employer’s engineer

See also

P

P-point (penetration point)
The specific point on the vehicle or rig from which penetration is measured to the defend line. Define it per the chosen standard and keep it consistent across reports.

Synonyms: penetration point

See also
PA alignment
Operational principle where public-address messages, fixed signage, and steward hand-signals convey the same instruction to avoid confusion.

Synonyms: public address alignment

See also
PA script (public address)
Short, consistent announcements read over the PA to guide crowds at key points (egress, detours). Pair with 353 — Safety Signalling.

Synonyms: public address script

See also
Pack Cover
A front sheet for a submission or calc pack listing project/site IDs, scope, revision, approval blocks, and links to the index.

Synonyms: cover sheet

See also
Page code (ref code)

A page code maps content to headings and submissions. Use XXX on H2 and XXX.X on H3; keep codes out of titles/slugs.

Synonyms: ref code

See also
Page-ID reference
A shorthand that pairs a page code (e.g., 232) with a subsection (e.g., .3) so reviewers can jump to the exact rule. Use it in emails/specs with a deep link to the anchor.

Synonyms: Page code · Section code

See also
Pareto chart (faults)
A chart ordering fault types by frequency or downtime contribution to focus on the “vital few” causes first.

Synonyms: Pareto analysis

See also
Partial Safety Factor
A factor used to increase loads or reduce strengths in design (per code) to cover uncertainties. Distinct from a general safety factor.

Synonyms: γ factor

See also
PAS 128 (Utility detection)
Specification that classifies quality levels (QL-D to QL-A) for locating underground utilities and sets survey/reporting methods. Guides buffers and proving needs.

Synonyms: PAS128

See also
PAS 68

A UK specification historically used to assess VSB performance via vehicle impact and design methods. Superseded by international standards in many contexts but still referenced on legacy projects.

See also
pass margin
The buffer between a barrier’s demonstrated performance and the minimum needed to achieve the claimed rating, used to judge risk of substitutions.

Synonyms: rating headroom

See also
Pass/fail criteria (ITP)
Quantified limits and acceptance bands—for example, EFO timing, cycle time, annunciation behavior—published in the ITP with clear remedial steps and NCR handling.

Synonyms: acceptance thresholds

See also
Pass/fail statement
A concise line in a record or clip that declares “pass” or “fail” and cites the test step and acceptance band from the ITP.

Synonyms: result statement

See also
Passivation (stainless)
Post-fabrication treatment that removes free iron and enhances corrosion resistance. Useful around coastal installations to reduce tea staining.

Synonyms: nitric/citric passivation

See also
Passive Security Bollard

A non-movable, fixed security bollard providing passive protection with no powered or mechanical retraction.

Synonyms: fixed security bollard

See also
paving module
A standard paving unit or grid used to align bollard arrays and furniture for visual harmony.

Synonyms: paving grid

See also
payback period
Capex ÷ annual net benefit. Shorter payback strengthens the business case.

Synonyms: time-to-payback

See also
Payment milestone
A valuation stage linked to approved submittals or passed tests (e.g., SAT), not just elapsed time.

Synonyms: stage payment

See also
Peak shaving
Sequencing or delaying non-critical loads to reduce maximum demand. Implemented via PLC logic and operating modes.

Synonyms: demand limiting

See also
Peak/off-peak timing
Timing observations taken during busy and quiet periods to expose variability and worst case. Helps validate sensitivity factors.

Synonyms: time-of-day sampling

See also
pedestrianized street
A street or zone designed primarily for people with limited vehicle access for services or emergencies. Often paired with people-flow width rules.

Synonyms: pedestrianised zone; car-free street

See also
Peer review (security engineering)
A review by a qualified engineer to verify inputs, safety factors, and results, ensuring correct interpretation of ratings and arrays.

Synonyms: independent review

See also
Penetration (P-value)

The measured distance a test vehicle (or its load cell array) travels past the barrier reference line after impact, as defined by the crash-test standard.

Synonyms: P-value

See also
Penetration classes (P1–P4)

Grouped penetration distances defined by crash-test standards (e.g., ASTM F2656) to classify how far a vehicle travels past the barrier line after impact. P1–P4 indicate increasing penetration ranges per the test document.

See also
Penetration line (defend line)
The defend line used to measure penetration. Often set along the protected edge or a specified datum.

Synonyms: defend line

See also
Perched water
A trapped lens of groundwater encountered during excavation that can destabilize formation.

Synonyms: perched groundwater

See also
Performance clause
The lead specification clause that names the impact test standard (e.g., IWA 14-1 or ASTM F2656) and includes the full rating string and acceptance limits. See 413 and 414.

Synonyms: lead performance clause

See also
Performance holdback
A small payment tied to KPI thresholds and stable operation over a period.

Synonyms: performance retention

See also
Performance test

Testing that confirms operational metrics and that arrays meet expected restraint/penetration outcomes.

Synonyms: duty test

See also
Permanent set

Residual displacement of the bollard or structure after impact; used to judge post-incident serviceability.

Synonyms: plastic deformation

See also
Permissive (controls)
A logic condition that permits an action when true (e.g., loop clear, gate closed). Used with inhibits to prevent unsafe states.

Synonyms: —

See also
Permit NOC
Formal permission from a utility owner or authority to work near, cross, or divert their asset. Typically required before trenching or pours.

Synonyms: No Objection Certificate

See also
Permit register
A running log that lists each issued PTW, its status (open/closed), dates, and approvers. Aids traceability and audits.

Synonyms: PTW log

See also
Permit status board
A live list or board showing active PTWs, responsible persons, and expiry times, referenced in the diary to prove control.

Synonyms: permit dashboard

See also
Permit to Work (PTW)
A documented authorization that confirms hazards are controlled and conditions are safe for a specific task (e.g., excavation, lifting, energization).

Synonyms: work permit

See also
Permit-to-dig
A controlled authorization that confirms utility searches, mark-out, and risk controls are in place before any excavation begins. Often linked to the permit register.

Synonyms: excavation permit

See also
Phase loss
A fault where one supply phase drops; can stall drives, overheat motors, or trigger protective trips. Must be a test case.

Synonyms: single-phase failure

See also
Phase rotation
The sequence of three-phase conductors; wrong order can reverse motor direction and damage drives.

Synonyms: phase sequence

See also
Phased upgrade
Breaking the upgrade into fronts (lanes/frontages) to keep access running. Pair with temporary/event modes and stewarding to manage risk.

Synonyms: staged upgrade

See also
Photo orientation
Direction label (e.g., “Facing NE”) stored in caption/metadata to help align images with plans and approach vectors during reviews.

Synonyms: facing direction

See also
Photo-eye

A photoelectric safety sensor (transmitter/receiver or reflector) that creates a beam across the opening; breaking the beam signals an obstruction to prevent unsafe movement.

Synonyms: safety sensor

See also
Physical security

Protective design, barriers, controls, and procedures that prevent unauthorized access to a protected place and reduce consequences of attacks.

See also
pilot install
An in-region installation with similar duty, environment, and controls used to validate performance before award.

Synonyms: reference site

See also
Pinch point

Deliberate narrowing or geometry that restricts vehicle access or speed while preserving pedestrian permeability.

Synonyms: choke point

See also
Ping age
A simple health metric displayed per lane tile; alerts when it exceeds thresholds to catch silent failures.

Synonyms: heartbeat age

See also
Pitting Resistance Equivalent (PREN)
A calculated index (e.g., PREN=Cr+3.3·Mo+16·N) used to compare stainless grades for chloride exposure. Higher is better in coastal sites.

Synonyms: PRE

See also
planter setback
A design offset that keeps planters from blocking access to lids, glands, and drainage sumps, preserving maintenance access.

Synonyms: planter clearance

See also
Plastic hinge
Short region above the socket where the post yields during impact; critical for estimating rotations and residual set.

Synonyms: hinge length

See also
Plastic shrinkage cracking
Fine cracks forming when evaporation exceeds bleed water, often under heat/wind. Control with covers, windbreaks, and prompt curing.

Synonyms: early-age cracking

See also
Plate Load Test
A load–deflection test using a rigid plate to estimate near-surface stiffness for paving tie-ins and covers. Complements density testing.

Synonyms: light plate test

See also
plaza defend line
A continuous visual marker (paving/markers) showing the boundary a vehicle must not cross without control.

Synonyms: defend line

See also
PLC/Controller

A programmable logic controller or dedicated control unit that manages bollard sequencing, interlocks, safety inputs, alarms, and interfaces with access systems.

Synonyms: control panel

See also
Pneumatic bollard
Pneumatic systems use compressed air to actuate bollards; less common for HVM where high thrust and EFO are critical.

Synonyms: air-driven bollard

See also
Poka-yoke (error-proofing)
Borrowed from manufacturing, poka-yoke adds checks, confirmations, and inhibits so operators can’t make unsafe selections. Useful in HMI design.

Synonyms: error proofing; mistake-proofing

See also
Ponding edge
A depressed perimeter around plates/rails where water can collect; design falls/outfalls to prevent corrosion and ingress.

Synonyms: water trap

See also
Port apron (freight)
A service area used by HGVs, tugs, and equipment. Consider run-up distance, turning paths, and visibility when placing HVM arrays.

Synonyms: quay apron

See also
Portable UPS
A battery-based supply that keeps controls alive during brownouts or when utility power isn’t available, supporting ride-through tests.

Synonyms: battery inverter

See also
Portal language
A set of arrows, hold lines, identifiers, and sleeve bands that make bollard lanes obvious and safe.

Synonyms: lane language

See also
Portal stack
A portal stack is the typical vertical order of signal aspects and indicators at a bollard portal, e.g., R-Y-G lights, message display, and auxiliary beacons.

Synonyms: signal stack

See also
Positive identification (utilities)
The process of exposing a utility by hand to confirm type, size, depth, and alignment before foundation works. Often required at high-risk locations.

Synonyms: utility proving

See also
Post-award onboarding
A kickoff process that sets the submittal calendar, SAP/SAT plan, and authority submissions schedule.

Synonyms: contract mobilization

See also
Post-incident inspection

Structured assessment of arrays, footings, and controls following an event to decide repair/replace/retest.

Synonyms: post-impact inspection

See also
Pot life (grout)
Shortens in hot/windy conditions; plan batch sizes and staging to finish placement within pot life.

Synonyms: working time

See also
Power event drill
A quarterly exercise that simulates utility loss and brownout, triggers switchover, and practices manual release and restart. Evidence goes into the ITP and SAT records.

Synonyms: outage drill

See also
Practical drill script
A structured sequence for live drills covering barricades, prompts, success criteria, and recovery steps, aligned to the ITP/SAT.

Synonyms: drill procedure

See also
Pre-application meeting
A voluntary session with the authority to confirm scope, expectations, and evidence before formal submission.

Synonyms: pre-submission meeting

See also
Pre-commission checklist
The pre-commission checklist confirms documents, visual/mechanical checks, electrical tests, safety devices, tools/spares, and formal sign-offs before commissioning. It gates the SAT path.

Synonyms: pre-power checklist · pre-start checklist

See also
Pre-commissioning

Verifications and configurations to ensure systems, wiring, and logic are ready for commissioning.

Synonyms: pre-comm

See also
Pre-concealment hold
A hold point placed before irreversible or hidden work (e.g., reinforcement, anchors) so quality is verified prior to pour or backfill.

Synonyms: before-cover hold

See also
Pre-emptive reroute
A planned utility diversion executed ahead of civil works to avoid repeated redesigns, programme delays, or certification risks caused by shallow conflicts.

Synonyms: early diversion

See also
Pre-start checklist
A structured list confirming permits, RAMS, drawings, inspections, plant, materials, and emergency arrangements before starting work.

Synonyms: start-up checklist

See also
pre-terminated loom
A cable assembly supplied with connectors and labels to reduce site wiring time and errors while keeping volt-drop and routing within design limits.

Synonyms: harness

See also
Precast rail/module
A precast concrete beam, socket, or rail used to reduce on-site curing time and improve quality. Joints must transfer shear and be sealed.

Synonyms: precast base

See also
Predictive maintenance

Data-driven maintenance that replaces parts before failure using trends and thresholds.

Synonyms: PdM

See also
Pressure test kit
A portable set of hoses, adaptors, and glycerin-filled gauges used to measure HPU and actuator pressures at designated test ports.

Synonyms: hydraulic gauge set

See also
Pressure test port
A dedicated, capped port (often with a check valve) used to attach gauges or flow meters on the HPU manifold for commissioning and diagnostics.

Synonyms: diagnostic port; gauge port

See also
Preventive action (quality)
Systemic improvement (training, checklist, design tweak) derived from the RCA to prevent recurrence of the defect.

Synonyms: PA

See also
Preventive maintenance plan

Planned inspections, cleaning, lubrication, and parts replacement based on usage and environment.

Synonyms: PM plan

See also
Priority matrix (controls)
A matrix ranking fire, life-safety, operator, schedule, and system inputs to resolve conflicts deterministically in the controller.

Synonyms: command arbitration table

See also
Privacy masking
Video analytics feature that obscures areas (e.g., residences) in live/recorded streams. Configure in VMS and verify during SAT.

Synonyms: privacy zones

See also
Product family (crash-rated)
Certificate-backed series sharing core design; variants (height/diameter/foundation) inherit validated performance limits.

Synonyms: family, series

See also
Programme parity (tender)
Programme parity is the practice of publishing the same milestones, float rules, and constraints to all bidders so time risk is priced fairly. Any change is flagged via addendum and referenced against permit & inspection timeline and programme & phasing.

Synonyms: Schedule parity · Time-baseline parity

See also
Projected gap
The computed opening after projecting the effective-height line along local grade or around a curb to reflect realistic passage.

Synonyms: slope-adjusted gap

See also
Projected gap check
A method that projects spacing onto the defend/traffic line where passage occurs, ensuring the clear-gap is maintained. See 322.

Synonyms: —

See also
projected-gap check
A quick test that compares plan gaps to approach-vector projections to ensure the defend line holds at oblique hits.

Synonyms: oblique-gap check

See also
Proof test interval
The defined interval at which a safety function must be tested to reveal hidden faults. Record results and reset only after passing.

Synonyms: PTI

See also
Proof-test (anchors)
A controlled on-site tension/shear test to confirm installed anchor performance before service, recorded in the ITP and SAT evidence.

Synonyms: pull-test

See also
Property set (BIM)
Named bundle of parameters (e.g., rating string, foundation class) attached to model elements for exchange.

Synonyms: Pset

See also
Protection zones

Defined areas (outer, middle, inner) that provide standoff and slow, stop, or deflect hostile vehicles before they reach people or assets.

Synonyms: standoff zones, security rings

See also
Protocol converter
A hardware gateway (e.g., Modbus↔BACnet) translating registers/objects between systems. Configure watchdogs and fallback states.

Synonyms: gateway; protocol bridge

See also
Prove-dead test
A verification step to confirm no hazardous energy remains (electrical, hydraulic) after isolation. Often paired with a documented try-start.

Synonyms: dead test

See also
PSIM

Physical Security Information Management—unifies CCTV, ACS, HVM, and alarms for situational response.

Synonyms: security orchestration

See also
PT slab (post-tensioned)
A PT slab uses stressed tendons to carry loads. Drilling/deep sockets risk cutting strands; use certified shallow systems and scanning before coring.

Synonyms: post-tensioned slab

See also
PTW validity window
The defined time period during which a PTW is active. Work must stop or be renewed when the window expires.

Synonyms: permit window

See also
Public interface (construction)
Risks and controls at boundaries with public routes—segregation, signage, conspicuity, escorts—so works stay safe and accessible.

Synonyms: public interface risks

See also
Publication cadence
A regular schedule (e.g., monthly) for publishing brief change-log entries that link to updated documents and pages.

Synonyms: release cadence

See also
pulling eye
A rated mechanical fitting used to attach a cable to the winch line/sheave system, preventing sheath damage during pulls.

Synonyms: cable eye · swivel eye

See also
Pulling tension (cables)
The calculated limit for installation pull to avoid conductor/jacket damage; consider length, bends, and lubricant.

Synonyms: cable pulling force

See also
Pump curve
The manufacturer’s head vs. flow graph. Select the duty point where system head meets the curve to avoid stall or overload.

Synonyms: performance curve

See also
Pump exclusion zone
The minimum stand-off distance maintained between vehicle paths and fuel assets (pumps, dispensers, vents). Used to position arrays and guard islands on forecourts.

Synonyms: forecourt stand-off

See also
Punch list
A tracked list of defects or minor works to complete after testing. Items are assigned, fixed, and re-witnessed before handover.

Synonyms: snag list

See also
Punch-through (slab)
A brittle failure where a concentrated column/post load punches through a slab. Prevent with adequate thickness, closed links, or stud rails near the socket.

Synonyms: punching failure

See also
Punching shear check
Punching shear is a local failure mode around concentrated loads. For bollard footings in slabs, confirm the slab and reinforcement meet design checks.

Synonyms: punching check

See also
Purpose/Tier Matrix

A matrix that maps project intent (e.g., public safety vs vehicle access control) to indicative protection tiers and design targets. See 235 — Purpose/Tier Matrix.

Synonyms: objective/tier matrix

See also
Purpose→tier mapping
A traceable method that links a stated purpose (e.g., frontage, lane) to a performance tier using VDA evidence and standards-based rating bands.

Synonyms: purpose-tier assignment

See also

Q

QR asset label
A durable label with a QR code linking to the asset record, evidence, or work order. Place where technicians can scan safely.

Synonyms: barcode label

See also
Quality surveillance plan
A schedule and scope for factory/site audits, hold and witness points, and required evidence, aligned to RACI and project milestones.

Synonyms: QSP

See also
Quayside equipment
Critical outdoor assets requiring protection without blocking service access. Use mixed-type arrays and respect turning envelopes.

Synonyms: berth equipment

See also
Queue management plan
A site-specific set of markings, stewarding, and timing rules that keep queues clear of sweep zones and pedestrian flows.

Synonyms: queuing plan

See also
Queue pressure
Operational stress during peaks that can drive unsafe overrides, rushed EFO triggers, or bypass misuse. Mitigate with prompts and timers.

Synonyms: lane pressure

See also
Queue safety
Layout techniques that keep passenger/customer queues away from vehicle approach vectors and protect waiting lines with arrays and offsets.

Synonyms: —

See also
queue spillback
Overflow of waiting vehicles into upstream junctions or crossings, reducing capacity and safety; size reservoirs to prevent it.

Synonyms: back-of-queue blocking

See also
Quick filter
A three-step screen (HVM vs low-speed, fixed/removable/automatic, and context) used on Type pages to narrow viable options.

Synonyms: triage

See also

R

Race condition (controls)
Concurrency issue (e.g., mode flip during Execute) mitigated by latches, sequencing, and timers.

Synonyms: concurrency hazard

See also
RACI (roles grid)

A simple matrix showing who is Responsible, Accountable, Consulted, and Informed for each task. Helps clarify handoffs and approvals in HVM projects. See Stakeholders & Responsibilities.

Synonyms: RACI matrix

See also
RAG status
A simple traffic-light indicator used on trackers to show status: red (issue), amber (at risk), green (on track). Useful in approval boards.

Synonyms: traffic-light status

See also
Rail endstop
A structural end detail on a shallow rail that resists sliding/uplift and helps distribute impact reactions to the slab.

Synonyms: end stop; end-plate

See also
Rain hood (entry)
A sloped or louvered cover fitted over top conduit/entries to deflect rain; used where top entry is unavoidable.

Synonyms: weather hood

See also
Raised cable gland
Gland set above deck level to reduce water/sand ingress into pits and cabinets; pair with drip loops.

Synonyms: elevated gland

See also
RAMS (Risk Assessment & Method Statement)
A controlled document pairing the risk assessment with the method statement. It lists hazards, controls, responsibilities, evidence, and sign-offs.

Synonyms: MS/RA

See also
Rating parity
Equivalence condition where an alternate product demonstrates the same rating string, penetration/debris outcomes, and as-tested configuration. Evidence is provided via an Equivalence Evidence Pack.

Synonyms: parity of rating; rating equivalence

See also
Rating string
The standardized text (e.g., ASTM F2656 M50 P1) that encodes vehicle class, speed and penetration. Always verify format and meaning before naming products.

Synonyms: Rating code · Performance string

See also
Rating-critical dependencies

Installation and configuration factors (depth, reinforcement, spacing, gradient, fixings) that must match the tested system.

Synonyms: rating dependencies

See also
RCD/RCBO
Safety devices that detect earth leakage (RCD) and, in RCBOs, combine overcurrent protection. Used selectively to avoid nuisance trips on drives.

Synonyms: —

See also
Reader guide (submission)
A brief intro page that states the claim, the as-tested configuration, and where each piece of proof sits in the pack. Improves reviewer speed and traceability.

Synonyms: submission guide

See also
Reader guide (survey)
The reader guide explains the pack order, drawing conventions, and what changed since last issue, reducing review time and errors.

Synonyms: navigation guide

See also
Reader sequence (handover)
A concise path (1–2 lines) guiding reviewers through the pack in the most logical order to speed approvals and reduce queries.

Synonyms: review order

See also
Reader sequence (review)
A standardized order (index → certificates → layout → foundations → SAT) that surfaces critical issues early and reduces rework.

Synonyms: review sequence

See also
Reader Sequence (submission)
A short guide telling reviewers the order to read a pack (cover → inputs → loads → checks → conclusions), complementing reader sequence (review).

Synonyms: submission reading order

See also
reader shuffle
Driver micro-movements that delay processing and disrupt lane sensors. Reduce by setting device offsets and a clear hold line.

Synonyms: reader creep

See also
Receiver gain (photo-eye)
Used to balance immunity (glare, rain) vs reliable target detection. Document settings during commissioning and verify against Safety Circuits (343).

Synonyms: receiver sensitivity · RX gain

See also
Record language
Prescriptive wording inside a clause that specifies where data and evidence live (drawing, schedule, checklist, photo log), with filenames per 911 File Index & Naming Rules and a linked transmittal log.

Synonyms: record text; recording note

See also
Records custodian
The named owner who manages permissions, backups, and requests for the project archive. Often paired with a deputy and a documented distribution list.

Synonyms: archive owner

See also
recovery window
The interval required to restore controls, signage, and array readiness after an impact or override. Use it when judging if a second hit occurs on a degraded system.

Synonyms: reset time

See also
Red-zone utility
A utility (e.g., HV power, gas main, core fiber) designated for enhanced clearances and extra controls such as hand-dig and supervision.

Synonyms: critical utility

See also
Redirect (301)
SEO and UX control that forwards visitors and search engines to the new URL when a slug changes; preserves link equity.

Synonyms: 301 redirect

See also
Redline overlay
An overlay layer or duplicate image with arrows and labels to highlight deltas while preserving the unedited original.

Synonyms: annotated copy

See also
Redlined drawing
A drawing annotated during construction to record deviations from design. Forms the basis of redline logs and final as-builts.

Synonyms: redline

See also
Refresher training cadence
The schedule for periodic retraining (e.g., annual, post-change, post-incident) that keeps site teams competent and compliant.

Synonyms: refresher schedule

See also
refuge pocket
A refuge pocket is a small recess in a route or between posts that lets slower users pause without blocking the main pedestrian stream.

Synonyms: lay-by, pull-out

See also
Release ID
Compact identifier for a Change Log entry, e.g., 118-2025-10-22-A. Use it on drawings, specs, and submission covers.

Synonyms: version ID

See also
Release note (submission)
A brief record announcing what was submitted, the stage (e.g., Issue-for-Use), and key deltas.

Synonyms: pack release memo

See also
Release Notes
Short entries that list what changed, affected codes, and impacts on drawings, specs, calculators, or commissioning steps.

Synonyms: change log summary

See also
Remote fault logging

Automatic transmission of faults and health events for quicker diagnosis and uptime improvement.

Synonyms: remote diagnostics

See also
Removable (lift-out)

A bollard that can be manually lifted from a ground sleeve to clear access and re-inserted and locked for protection; no power or hydraulics required.

Synonyms: lift-out bollard

See also
Reorder point (spares)
The reorder point is the on-hand quantity that triggers a new purchase so critical parts don’t run out.

Synonyms: ROP

See also
Replacement event
A register entry capturing outgoing vs incoming serials, date, reason, and evidence when components are replaced (e.g., under warranty).

Synonyms: swap record

See also
Report number (certificate ID)
A lab-assigned or issuer ID used to trace the certificate in archives and submittals. Record this in the Asset Register and Submission Index.

Synonyms: test report ID

See also
Request→Authorize→Execute
Separates intent from action: gate requests via credentials, safety checks, and time-bounded execution.

Synonyms: R-A-E chain

See also
Requirements traceability
Linking FDS clauses to ITP/SAT steps and results so every promise is verifiably tested and signed off.

Synonyms: traceability matrix

See also
Reset hierarchy
Defined sequence of checks (power, sensors, interlocks), then operator acknowledgment to return to normal operation.

Synonyms: recovery sequence

See also
Reset-to-normal checklist
A reset-to-normal checklist confirms signage, interlocks, and any keepered openings are restored. It supports the ops dashboard and commissioning evidence.

Synonyms: reset checklist

See also
Residual risk
The post-control risk level. It must be at or below the project’s tolerance and justified as ALARP.

Synonyms: post-control risk

See also
Residual risk sign-off
A signature step confirming remaining risk is accepted or further mitigated before proceeding, with roles and dates recorded.

Synonyms: risk acceptance

See also
Residual set
Residual deformation of a barrier after impact and rebound. Often called “permanent set.” Use alongside dynamic deflection in specs.

Synonyms: permanent set (variant)

See also
Residual set allowance
Design clearance allocated for residual set so clear-gaps remain compliant after impact.

Synonyms: permanent set allowance

See also
Response window
A measurable duration from alarm detection to the required action (e.g., EFO raise). Used to size staffing and set SLAs.

Synonyms: action window

See also
Response window (event mode)
A defined period to move from normal to event mode (or back), ensuring safe sequencing of devices and steward positions.

Synonyms: switch window

See also
Restart sequencing
A defined order to re-energize controls, sensors, then drives after an outage to prevent inrush and unsafe states. Capture steps in FDS and test in Power-On & Controls Health.

Synonyms: recovery sequencing

See also
Restore drill
A planned test where a sample of files are restored and verified against the manifest. Confirms integrity and practical access.

Synonyms: recovery drill

See also
Resubmittal
A follow-up submission that addresses reviewer comments, highlighting deltas and updated evidence.

Synonyms: re-submission

See also
Retention (payments)
A contract sum kept until closeout and defects are cleared. Often released in stages after SAT and handover.

Synonyms: retainage

See also
Retention period
The agreed time the client retains part of the payment to ensure defects are fixed. Often aligned with the defects-liability period and SLA targets; see Service Levels & Availability.

Synonyms: —

See also
Retrofit frame (HVM)
A fabricated frame or plate set on the surface to anchor a bollard array. Only HVM if specifically certified or justified by equivalence.

Synonyms: surface-mounted frame

See also
Retrofit path kit
Pre-defined kit with adapters, updated ICDs, and procedures that swaps an end-of-life part while preserving performance and safety.

Synonyms: obsolescence kit

See also
Retroreflectivity
Retroreflectivity is a surface property that returns light toward its source, improving night visibility of bollards and conspicuity. Used in tapes, beacons, and reflector inserts.

Synonyms: —

See also
Return-line filter
Captures contaminants as oil returns to the tank; specify β-rated elements with clogging indicators for proactive maintenance.

Synonyms: RL filter

See also
Return-to-service (RTS)
Documented sign-off that a lane is safe to operate after inspection and tests. Includes updated records and next-check schedule.

Synonyms: RTS

See also
Review pack (HMI)
A curated set of HMI screenshots, legends, and ICD tag lists used for internal reviews and authority submittals.

Synonyms: HMI spec pack

See also
Reviewer acceptance checklist
A short checklist confirming clarity, Page-IDs, pass/fail statements, and standards references before sending evidence to reviewers.

Synonyms: reviewer checklist

See also
Reviewer checklist
A short checklist used by reviewers/witnesses to confirm that all integration documents are present, signed, and consistent with the submission pack.

Synonyms: review index; closeout checks

See also
revision cloud
A symbolic “cloud” drawn around changed items to draw reviewer attention. Logged alongside a revision table.

Synonyms: delta cloud

See also
RFI (Request for Information)
A controlled question raised to the designer/vendor to clarify drawings, specs, or conditions. Responses form part of the project record.

Synonyms: request for information

See also
Rhythm (array)
The visual and dimensional cadence across an array that helps users read routes and maintain clear-gaps.

Synonyms: cadence

See also
Ride height
Ride height influences the impact point and the chance of ride-up over a barrier. SUVs/pickups often strike higher than cars.

Synonyms: vehicle stance

See also
Ride-through (power)
Minimum time the system keeps operating through a brief mains dip without switching to backup or changing state.

Synonyms: sag tolerance

See also
Ride-through capacitor
Capacitor bank on the drive or PSU that maintains DC bus voltage during short supply dips, preventing nuisance trips. Per-site targets are verified in Performance & Duty Tests.

Synonyms: hold-up capacitor

See also
Right-of-Way (Dubai RTA)
Land reserved for roads, pavements, parking bays and related transport uses in Dubai and controlled by RTA. Works in this zone, such as crash-rated bollards or ramps, normally require an RTA eNOC (Dubai) and related permits.

Synonyms: RTA Right-of-Way; RTA ROW

See also
Rigid surrogate vehicle
A non-deformable mass model for early studies of angles, gaps, and trajectories before detailed deformable models.

Synonyms: rigid body model

See also
Rinsing SOP
A short, repeatable washdown process defining water source, timing, and coverage to limit chloride build-up and staining.

Synonyms: rinse protocol

See also
Risk heat map
A colour-coded grid that highlights the most critical risks for attention in reviews and executive snapshots.

Synonyms: risk matrix (visual)

See also
Risk management

A structured process to identify threats and vulnerabilities, evaluate risk, and implement controls to reduce risk to an acceptable level.

See also
Risk matrix
A simple table (e.g., 5×5) used to score inherent and residual risk for each task. Helps decide controls and ALARP justification.

Synonyms: risk scoring grid

See also
Risk owner
The single accountable individual who tracks progress, updates status, and escalates if thresholds are crossed.

Synonyms: accountable owner

See also
Risk register
A central table tracking project risks, owners, due dates, status, and mitigation. Links to evidence and programme items keep it auditable.

Synonyms: risk log

See also
Risk threshold
Pre-set values (time, cost, security performance) that, when exceeded, require owner escalation and governance action.

Synonyms: escalation threshold

See also
Risk trigger
A measurable change—e.g., new utilities finding or schedule slip—that prompts escalation or mitigation per the plan.

Synonyms: escalation trigger

See also
Risk-rated finding
A concise note that links a finding to likelihood & consequence using the risk matrix to set urgency.

Synonyms: risk statement

See also
Role-Based Access Control (RBAC)
A security model where capabilities are granted to roles (e.g., Operator, FM, Reviewer) and users inherit permissions by role membership. Helps enforce least privilege on dashboards and HMIs.

Synonyms: RBAC

See also
Rollback runbook
A tested procedure to restore prior binaries and parameters, including tools, roles, and decision gates.

Synonyms: revert plan

See also
Root Cause Analysis (RCA)
A repeatable process (e.g., 5-Whys, fishbone) to identify and remove the real cause of failures; record outcomes in the troubleshooting tree.

Synonyms: 5-Whys

See also
Rotation index plate
A jig or plate with marks used to set the bollard’s rotation about the socket and to capture repeatable readings during verification.

Synonyms: rotation jig

See also
Rotation limit (clear-gap)
A design threshold linking base rotation to clear-gap so pass/fail criteria aren’t breached after impact.

Synonyms: allowable rotation

See also
Rotation mark
A reference tick or notch that aligns with the grid to keep heads square and prevent twist. Include in survey photos and acceptance records.

Synonyms: orientation mark

See also
Rotation mark (set-out)
A positional tick/reference used during set-out so each unit matches the tested orientation or keepered geometry. Complements rotation mark in the array model.

Synonyms: orientation mark

See also
Roundness (concentricity)
Manufacturing tolerance affecting sleeves, glands, and stiffness; excessive runout can increase gap drift.

Synonyms: concentricity; ovality

See also
route marker tape
A colored warning tape placed 150–300 mm above buried ducts to reduce utility strikes. Include text for route ID where allowed.

Synonyms: warning tape

See also
RTA eNOC (Dubai)
Formal No Objection Certificate issued by Dubai’s Roads & Transport Authority (RTA) for permanent or temporary works in the public Right-of-Way, including bollards, crossings and excavations. It records conditions, validity and links to traffic or parking permits.

Synonyms: RTA NOC; RTA No Objection Certificate

See also
RTA parking reservation permit
Authority permission from RTA allowing specific parking bays in the public Right-of-Way to be reserved or blocked for defined dates, typically to support bollard excavations, concrete pours or crane operations, with signage and enforcement conditions.

Synonyms: RTA parking bay reservation; temporary parking NOC

See also
Rub strip
A sacrificial trim on vulnerable corners or faces to absorb tire scuffs and minor bumps, reducing repainting cycles.

Synonyms: wear strip

See also
Rumble strip
Surface treatment that alerts drivers and can modestly reduce speed. Document location and length; treat as a management measure.

Synonyms: alert strip

See also
Run-to-failure (selective)
A deliberate choice for low-risk parts where the cost of PM exceeds the impact of failure. Balance with the site’s availability target.

Synonyms: deferred maintenance

See also
Run-up corridor
A run-up corridor is a relatively straight, unobstructed path that enables a vehicle to accelerate toward a target. It informs approach/run-up distance and array density.

Synonyms: acceleration path

See also
Run-up distance

Available distance for a vehicle to gain speed prior to striking the barrier; a key input to VDA and rating selection.

Synonyms: approach distance

See also
Runbook
A concise, version-controlled set of actions to handle normal, restricted, and emergency modes via HMI/field devices.

Synonyms: operator guide; playbook

See also

S

Sacrificial ring
A removable ring or collar fitted near the head or sleeve to absorb abrasion. Replace when worn to preserve coatings and avoid repainting.

Synonyms: wear collar

See also
Safe local mode
A constrained operating mode granting on-site authority with speed/sequence limits to maintain safety during comms outages.

Synonyms: local fallback

See also
Safe Local Mode banner
An HMI indicator that confirms local authority is active and remote control is temporarily inhibited for safety.

Synonyms: local lock banner

See also
Safe torque off (STO)
A safety function in drives that disables torque-producing power to prevent movement while keeping the drive ready for restart procedures.

Synonyms: —

See also
Safe undo
A short, controlled interval that lets operators undo a command before motion or before entering a forbidden state.

Synonyms: cancel window

See also
Safe-local mode
A guarded local control state that enforces hold-to-run, reduced speed, and time limits so technicians can test or recover safely.

Synonyms: local manual

See also
safety edge
A pressure-sensitive strip fitted to moving edges or guards. When triggered, it signals a stop via the safety circuit to prevent entrapment.

Synonyms: —

See also
Safety factor

A design margin applied to speed, mass, loads, or footing capacity to address uncertainty in site conditions and threats.

Synonyms: factor of safety (FoS)

See also
Safety relay
A relay designed for safety functions; uses force-guided contacts and internal diagnostics to detect single faults. Not interchangeable with standard relays.

Synonyms: —

See also
Sail area (load)
The effective area of a load that catches wind, increasing overturning and control risk during a lift. Used to set weather limits.

Synonyms: windage

See also
Sally port
A two-gate chamber (entry and exit) that contains a vehicle for screening before release. Limits tailgating and supports high assurance checks.

Synonyms: vehicle sallyport

See also
Sample board
A board carrying prepared coupons with primer, stripe coat, finish, and clear layers to approve color, gloss and DFT under site lighting.

Synonyms: finish board; mock-up board

See also
Sampling escalation
A rule that increases sampling (e.g., from 25% to 100%) when a check fails or a change occurs (crew/method/material). Revert after defined consecutive passes.

Synonyms: intensified sampling

See also
Sand abrasion index
A qualitative/quantitative indicator of finish loss due to wind-blown sand. Use it to set inspection frequency and choose hard topcoats.

Synonyms: —

See also
Saturated Surface-Dry (SSD)
Prep condition for concrete substrates before grouting. SSD helps bond and limits water loss from the grout.

Synonyms: —

See also
Saw-tooth stand
Angled bus bays that reduce dwell and ease egress. Check turning paths and service access (325) and protect corner hotspots.

Synonyms: sawtooth stand

See also
SCADA

Supervisory platform aggregating signals, alarms, and trends from multiple HVM sites for control/monitoring.

Synonyms: supervisory system

See also
Scale bar
A visual bar on drawings that communicates scale regardless of print size. Required on survey overlays to validate distance and run-up measurements.

Synonyms: scale graphic

See also
Scale reference (photo)
A tape, ruler, or known object placed in frame to communicate dimensions (e.g., clear-gap) when measuring from images.

Synonyms: reference object

See also
Scan time
The PLC’s cycle time. Shorter scan time reduces control latency and improves safety windows for motion. Include limits in 632.

Synonyms: PLC cycle time

See also
Scenario library (drills)
A rotating set of test cases (power loss, comms failure, conflicting commands) with success criteria and timing targets.

Synonyms: drill bank

See also
Sealant backer rod
A foam rod inserted into a joint to set sealant depth/shape and prevent three-sided adhesion, improving durability.

Synonyms: backer rod

See also
Seasonal high water table
Use logs and local records to set design levels, drainage invert, and pump alarm thresholds. Revisit after extreme rainfall events.

Synonyms: SHWT

See also
Seasonal maintenance adjustment
A seasonal adjustment increases or modifies tasks for hot, sandy, or storm periods to keep performance stable.

Synonyms: seasonal tuning

See also
Section map (spec)
A structured outline for specifications that groups clauses into: (1) performance, (2) acceptable families/variants, (3) foundations/execution, (4) controls & safety/QA, and (5) handover. Aligns with 433 and 714.

Synonyms: clause map; spec map

See also
Section modulus
Ratio of bending moment to allowable stress: elastic (S) and plastic (Z). Used to size bollard sections against deflection/permanent set.

Synonyms: modulus of section; S; Z

See also
Secure area

An area protected by physical and procedural measures, bounded by a secure perimeter.

See also
Secure perimeter

A defined boundary—often combining VSBs and pedestrian measures—that restricts and monitors access to create a secure area.

See also
Segment model (accel)
A speed model that splits the effective run-up into segments with different acceleration assumptions.

Synonyms: piecewise acceleration

See also
Segregation (concrete)
Loss of mix uniformity from over-vibration or long drops, reducing strength and cover quality around the sleeve.

Synonyms: —

See also
selection speed
The chosen design speed derived from bands and safety factors. It maps to the rating string for barrier selection.

Synonyms: design speed (conservative)

See also
Selectivity (protection)
A coordination practice where downstream devices clear faults without tripping upstream feeders, keeping other lanes and controls alive.

Synonyms: discrimination (electrical)

See also
Self-canonical
SEO setting that declares the page as its own preferred version, preventing duplicate-content ambiguity.

Synonyms: canonical

See also
self-locking screwjack
A screw-and-nut actuator with geometry that resists reverse motion under load, providing inherent holding without a brake. Useful for EM bollards where fail-safe (up) is required.

Synonyms: self-locking leadscrew

See also
SELV/PELV
Extra-low voltage systems used for safer control wiring. SELV is separated; PELV is protective-earthed. Choose per panel standard.

Synonyms: —

See also
Sensitivity analysis

Systematically varying inputs (speed, mass, angle, footing) to see their effect on performance and selection choices.

Synonyms: scenario testing

See also
Sensitivity band
A defined span (e.g., ±10% speed, 15° angle bands) used to stress-test scenarios in tables and confirm robustness of spacing and rating choices.

Synonyms: variability range

See also
Sensitivity matrix (tolerances)
A simple table that ranks which tolerances materially affect safety, certification, or cost—used to focus machining and QA effort where it matters.

Synonyms: impact matrix

See also
Sequence of Operations (SoO)
A readable narrative of how the system behaves in each mode, including transitions, timeouts, and recovery. Cross-references the state machine and SAT scripts.

Synonyms: operational sequence

See also
Service clearance
The working envelope around devices for fingers, tools, and test probes. Plan for door swing, extraction paths, and safe access.

Synonyms: working clearance · maintenance clearance

See also
Service credit
A contractual remedy that reduces service fees if agreed KPI thresholds aren’t met, typically with caps and dead-bands to stay fair.

Synonyms: remedy credit

See also
Service diversion
Altering the path of an existing utility to remove a conflict with new works, subject to owner approvals and testing.

Synonyms: reroute

See also
Service envelope
Documented space around components that ensures safe removal and testing without disturbing adjacent wiring.

Synonyms: maintenance envelope

See also
Service road interface
The design zone where public traffic transitions to facility access. Treat with arrays, chicanes, and credentialing.

Synonyms: gate interface

See also
Service window (utility shutdown)
A coordinated time period agreed with the utility owner to isolate or shut down a service so diversions or protective works can proceed safely.

Synonyms: outage window

See also
Setback

The designed distance between a building façade and the nearest location an unauthorized vehicle can approach or park.

Synonyms: standoff (site planning)

See also
Setback (spoil/plant)
A prescribed offset to place spoil and equipment to avoid surcharge and collapse risk.

Synonyms: spoil setback

See also
SHA-256 checksum
A 64-char hex hash that uniquely identifies a file. Use it in manifests to verify downloads have not changed.

Synonyms: SHA

See also
Shade factor (enclosures)
Ratio indicating how much direct solar gain is blocked by canopies or placement. Improves temperature margins.

Synonyms: solar reduction factor

See also
Shallow foundation

Low-depth footing systems used where utilities or slabs limit excavation; must meet rating dependencies.

Synonyms: low-depth foundation

See also
Shallow mount
A foundation approach that achieves crash performance with a low overall depth using rails or plates instead of deep sockets.

Synonyms: shallow foundation (informal)

See also
Shallow rail module
A shallow foundation class where a continuous rail spreads loads between bollards above sensitive utilities.

Synonyms: rail slab

See also
Shallow-Rail (foundation class)
A shallow foundation assembly (often rail/beam) used where depth is limited. Must be within the certified product family for ratings.

Synonyms: shallow mount rail

See also
Sheet set (CAD)
A structured bundle of drawings for a project phase (e.g., IFC or SAT). Each set follows the index rules (911) and the title-block standard (915).

Synonyms: drawing set

See also
Shim pack
Temporary packers placed near corners/edges to hold level until the grout cures; removed and voids re-filled.

Synonyms: shims

See also
Short-circuit level
The maximum fault current that can flow at a location; determines protective device interrupt ratings and enclosure withstand.

Synonyms: fault level

See also
Sidewall pressure (cables)
The radial pressure a cable experiences around a bend during pulling. Limited by cable construction; controls pit spacing and bend radius choices.

Synonyms: SWP

See also
SIEM (Security Information and Event Management)
A security platform that ingests events from multiple systems to detect anomalies and support investigations.

Synonyms: —

See also
Sign-off matrix
A responsibility grid mapping test sections to the required signatories (e.g., contractor, client, third-party), often aligned with the ITP.

Synonyms: approval matrix

See also
Sign-off to proceed
“Sign-off to proceed” records written approval (e.g., via SAT witness plan) that commissioning can start. File it with authority submittals and the sign-off matrix.

Synonyms: go-ahead · authorization to proceed

See also
Signed manifest
A digitally signed file enumerating components, versions, and dependencies for a release package.

Synonyms: release manifest

See also
Silt basket
A lift-out mesh insert placed above a sump intake to capture sand and debris, keeping pumps and outfalls clear.

Synonyms: debris basket, sediment basket

See also
Silt fence
A permeable barrier installed downslope of disturbed ground to intercept and settle suspended solids before reaching drains or waterways.

Synonyms: sediment fence

See also
Silt sock
A simple filtration device fitted to discharge points to trap sediment before water enters drains or surface channels.

Synonyms: sediment sock; filter sock

See also
Simulation stub
A minimal simulator used during FAT/SAT to mimic sensors/actuators so logic can be tested without the real device.

Synonyms: test stub

See also
Single-Line Diagram (SLD)
A simplified electrical diagram showing power sources, transformers, feeders, protective devices, SPDs, earthing, and key interlocks.

Synonyms: one-line diagram

See also
SIRA (Dubai)

Dubai’s Security Industry Regulatory Agency; where applicable, security-bollard projects must follow SIRA procedures, approvals, and site permits defined for the scope.

Synonyms: SIRA approval

See also
SIRA tier
Local classification used by SIRA in Dubai for vehicle security barrier intent (Light, Average, Heavy). Use as policy guidance; final acceptance remains with SIRA.

Synonyms: SIRA intent

See also
Site

The property or place under consideration for security measures and perimeter definition.

See also
Site Acceptance Plan (SAP)
A readiness document that fixes what will be tested, how, by whom, and what evidence must be captured before SAT begins. It aligns with the ITP and the approved FDS.

Synonyms: SAP

See also
Site Acceptance Test

On-site verification that the installed system operates to specification and safety requirements under real conditions, witnessed and signed off by stakeholders.

Synonyms: SAT

See also
Site comparability
A check that foundation type, depth, soil, and install details are comparable to those used for the certified test. Required before relying on a crash rating on your site.

Synonyms: Installation comparability

See also
Site comparability note (tender)
A site comparability note explains limits when shared drawings or surveys are used across multiple locations, pointing to local rating-critical dependencies and utilities detection differences.

Synonyms: Applicability note · Cross-site note

See also
Site diary
The daily record of work done, resources, delays, and decisions, with links to photos/mark-ups and ITP lines.

Synonyms: daily log; site log

See also
Site ID
A short, consistent identifier used on forms, photos, drawings, and filenames to tie all items back to the same location.

Synonyms: site code

See also
Site mobilization
All activities required to start work on site: permits, inductions, plant setup, welfare, lay-down areas, and access routes.

Synonyms: mobilization

See also
Site perimeter

The most distant border of the site (property line) used as a reference in security planning.

Synonyms: property line

See also
Site summary
A concise sheet that captures site ID, location, context, key constraints, and links to overlays/photos; used as the front of the VDA pack.

Synonyms: executive site brief

See also
SLA (Service Level Agreement)

Contracted performance targets (response time, availability) for post-handover support.

Synonyms: service agreement

See also
SLA gauge (availability)
A single, prominent indicator that shows current availability vs. the target defined in the SLA.

Synonyms: availability gauge

See also
Sleeve-only upgrade
A common pitfall. Swapping to a thicker or different sleeve does not convert a passive/low-speed post into an HVM, crash-rated system.

Synonyms: sleeve change

See also
Sleeve-only upgrade (low-speed)
A cosmetic replacement of a bollard sleeve that does not increase structural resistance. Verify foundation class before claiming performance.

Synonyms: cosmetic sleeve change

See also
SLS (Serviceability Limit State)
Serviceability check that limits deflection/vibration so assets remain usable and undamaged. Complements ULS in foundation and structure design.

Synonyms: serviceability limit state

See also
Slump (concrete)
A quick field check of mix workability measured at discharge. Controls placement and consolidation quality near sockets.

Synonyms: —

See also
Snapshot PDF
Frozen PDF copy of a page/section at a specific date (vYYYY-MM-DD) included in the submission pack for audit trail.

Synonyms: snapshot; frozen copy

See also
Soak test (controls)
A prolonged test period to verify controller, sensors, and actuators remain stable, meeting cycle time and alarm thresholds under expected duty.

Synonyms: burn-in

See also
Soakaway (drainage)
A subsurface void or crate system that disperses stormwater into permeable ground. Use only with proven percolation and safe standoff from structures/services.

Synonyms: soak pit

See also
Socket cover (removable)
A durable, anti-slip cover that protects and marks a lift-out bollard foundation socket when the post is removed.

Synonyms: socket lid

See also
Socket embedment
Controls moment/shear transfer to concrete. Works with the foundation cage to resist impact.

Synonyms: embedment depth (socket)

See also
Soft spot (compaction)
A weak zone that shows pumping or deflection under loads. Repair by excavating to sound material, conditioning moisture, and re-compacting in compliant lifts.

Synonyms: weak zone · pumping area

See also
soil preset (bearing class)
A convenience input grouping typical soils by allowable bearing pressure for screening.

Synonyms: soil class preset

See also
Soil stiffness (modulus)
Low stiffness increases base rotation and permanent set. Consider ground improvement or certified shallow systems to preserve the tested configuration.

Synonyms: subgrade modulus; k-value

See also
Solar Reflectance Index (SRI)
Combined effect of solar reflectance and thermal emittance. Higher SRI paints reduce enclosure sun-load.

Synonyms: cool roof index

See also
Sonde
A battery-powered probe inserted into a duct so an EM locator can trace its position and depth.

Synonyms: duct tracer

See also
Sparkline (lane KPI)
A compact time-series graph used on dashboards to show recent KPI trends per lane without occupying full chart space.

Synonyms: micro trendline

See also
Speed hump
A vertical deflection device used to reduce vehicle speed on approach paths. Include height, ramp length, and spacing in VDA records.

Synonyms: road hump · speed bump

See also
Spill kit
Absorbents, pads, booms, PPE, and disposal bags placed near hydraulic/fuel equipment to manage leaks safely.

Synonyms: —

See also
Splash/tidal zone (corrosion)
Surface regions that accelerate coating breakdown and pitting. Choose duplex systems and plan rinse/inspection frequencies.

Synonyms: marine exposure bands

See also
Stainless grade (304/316)

Common stainless steel alloys for sleeves and fabrications: 304 for general environments; 316 includes molybdenum for higher corrosion resistance in marine/coastal areas.

Synonyms: A2/A4

See also
Stand-off distance

The designed gap between a protected asset and a potential threat location (e.g., curb line or parking location) to reduce blast and impact risk.

Synonyms: blast standoff

See also
Standards equivalency

Interpreting comparable performance across IWA/ASTM where evidence supports like-for-like use.

Synonyms: crosswalk

See also
Standby load
Baseline draw of controls, comms, and heaters/ventilation at rest. Forms the floor of the energy budget.

Synonyms: idle load

See also
Standby pressure (HPU)
Standby pressure is the steady hydraulic pressure held by the HPU in ready state. It affects cycle time and leak-down behavior. See Hydraulic Power Units.

Synonyms: idle pressure · holding pressure

See also
State machine

A formal model of device states (down, raising, up, EFO, fault) and allowed transitions with safeguards.

Synonyms: finite state machine (FSM)

See also
State table (FDS)
A table that lists states, entry/exit rules, actions, timeouts, and next states, tied to the interlock matrix and modes of operation.

Synonyms: state matrix

See also
State transition diagram
Visual model of the Idle→Request→Authorize→Execute→Fault logic with guards and timers.

Synonyms: state chart

See also
Static Transfer Switch (STS)
An STS uses power electronics to transfer critical loads between two independent sources with millisecond speed, minimizing control resets.

Synonyms: —

See also
Step gauge
A rigid handheld gauge with multiple stepped widths used to verify clear gap on site at the stated effective height.

Synonyms: Go/No-Go gauge

See also
Steward count
A recorded headcount of stewards assigned to gates and queue lines during event mode; used for evidence and planning.

Synonyms: marshal count

See also
steward post
A marked location used by event stewards to supervise a gate or chicane and communicate with the crowd.

Synonyms: marshal post

See also
Steward repeater
A steward repeater is a compact signal unit placed for stewards or pedestrians, mirroring lane status where the main portal stack is not visible.

Synonyms: auxiliary indicator

See also
Stewarded gap
An intentional clear-gap managed by stewards for crowd control during ingress/egress, then reduced or closed post-event.

Synonyms: staffed gap

See also
Stewarded gate
A lane or opening managed by trained staff using barriers/signs/radios during events. Often used while automatic lanes are overridden.

Synonyms: stewarded portal

See also
Stewarding plan
A brief plan showing steward posts, marshal lines, and communications for event mode. Supports safe reconfiguration and recovery to normal.

Synonyms: steward plan

See also
Stop-work order
A formal instruction to stop an activity immediately when safety or compliance is compromised; resumes only after verification.

Synonyms: stop work

See also
Stop-work trigger
Events such as an unexpected utility, gas smell, or arcing that require works to stop and the escalation path to be followed before resuming.

Synonyms: stop rule

See also
Stopper/Endstop

A mechanical limit device that defines the travel end positions and protects actuators and structures from over-travel and impact damage.

Synonyms: end stop

See also
Stopping distance (bollards)
The measured travel from detection to full stop. Acceptance bands depend on speed/load and must align with the alarm philosophy.

Synonyms: stop distance

See also
Stopping sight distance
The distance a driver needs to perceive, react, and brake to a stop at a given speed. Use conservative values near HVM portals and tight corners.

Synonyms: SSD

See also
Storefront impact zone
The portion of a façade (glazing, frames, doors) most exposed to parking-lot roll-throughs. Define a penetration line and protect with low-speed measures where hostile risk is low.

Synonyms: frontage risk zone

See also
strain relief (cabling)
A clamp or boot fitted at terminations/glands to prevent mechanical loads on conductors and reduce intermittent faults.

Synonyms: cable clamp

See also
Strain-rate sensitivity
High-rate impacts increase yield/flow stress in steels and soils. Models should include rate data for credible crash predictions.

Synonyms: rate effects

See also
Strike risk rating
A qualitative or semi-quantitative score used in risk registers to rank utility strike risks and choose mitigations (reroute, protection, shallow class).

Synonyms: utility risk score

See also
Stripe coat
A targeted coat applied to edges, welds, and fastener areas to build film on high-risk features prior to full-area coating.

Synonyms: edge coat

See also
structure-borne noise
Noise that travels via solid components (foundations, frames), often reduced with isolation mounts, tuned ramps, and acoustic lining.

Synonyms: structural vibration noise

See also
Stud rail (punching)
A line of headed shear studs on rails placed around posts/sockets to increase punching shear capacity where closed stirrups are impractical.

Synonyms: shear studs

See also
Sub-meter
A compact energy meter used to track consumption of specific accessory circuits for KPI and diagnostics.

Synonyms: branch meter

See also
Subgrade improvement
Techniques such as lean-mix blinding, geogrid layers or stone columns used to meet design soil modulus and bearing requirements.

Synonyms: ground improvement

See also
Submission checklist (spec)
A curated list of artifacts (certificates with report numbers, ITP, SAT/witness scripts, as-built/O&M items, Page-ID references) to make submittals reviewer-ready. See 431, 714, and 638.

Synonyms: submittal checklist

See also
Submission email text
A short email body that states purpose, due date, and deep links to index and decision-critical documents; pairs with the ZIP bundle recipe.

Synonyms: submission email

See also
Submission index
A cross-referenced list that organizes all submittal evidence into predictable sections so reviewers can find proofs fast. Often mirrors the folder structure.

Synonyms: submission register

See also
Submission pack

A submission pack bundles drawings, specs, certificates, calculations and forms for review. See page 938 and 917 for covers.

Synonyms: submission dossier

See also
substitution risk (ratings)
Occurs when evidence limits are misunderstood. Avoid with anti-downgrade clauses and clear specs.

Synonyms: downgrade risk

See also
Sun-load
Thermal gain from sunlight that raises cabinet and device temperatures above ambient; account for this in heat-load checks.

Synonyms: solar gain

See also
Super-shallow foundation
A shallow-mount system with minimal excavation depth, used over congested utilities or slabs; must match certificate scope to claim HVM.

Synonyms: ultra-shallow

See also
Superseded file list
A maintained list showing which versions were replaced, when, and by which file—prevents reviewers from using outdated information.

Synonyms: obsolete files register

See also
Superseded page
A page whose guidance has been replaced. Keep a snapshot PDF and add a 301 redirect to the successor.

Synonyms: deprecated page

See also
Surcharge load
Additional vertical/horizontal forces from nearby stockpiles, traffic, or equipment that increase wall pressures.

Synonyms: edge loading

See also
Surface friction coefficient
A simplified coefficient capturing surface grip and rolling resistance used in approach-speed estimates; document assumptions in the VDA worksheet.

Synonyms: μ; friction factor

See also
Surface mount (light)

Lighting or accessories installed on top of the finished surface (no recessing), used where in-ground housings are impractical; cabling is concealed in surface conduits or posts.

Synonyms: base-plate bollard

See also
Surge Protective Device (SPD)
Coordinated Type 1/2/3 devices that limit surges at the service, distribution, and equipment levels; bond to the main earthing bar.

Synonyms: surge arrester

See also
Survey deliverables pack
The deliverables pack bundles drawings, coordinates, utility schedules, and evidence (photos/logs) into an indexed PDF plus native CAD for review and approval.

Synonyms: survey pack

See also
Sweep blasting (for galvanizing)
A gentle abrasive blast that roughens galvanized steel without removing the zinc, improving primer adhesion.

Synonyms: brush-off blasting

See also
Swept-path
The plan trace of a design vehicle as it turns, used to size pads and clear-gaps.

Synonyms: turning path

See also
Swing frame
An internal hinged frame for mounting equipment that swings out to improve access to terminations and devices.

Synonyms: swing-out rack

See also
symbol key (overlays)
A compact legend placed on each overlay listing icons, colors, and lineweights for arrays, vectors, and devices.

Synonyms: overlay legend

See also
System overview (FDS)
A concise description of the lane architecture and purpose, with a block diagram of drives, safety devices & measures, and integrations to orient reviewers.

Synonyms: overview page

See also

T

Table of Contents (TOC)
A structured list of the page’s H2 anchors (e.g., 114.1, 114.2…) that lets readers jump directly to sections. Our TOC mirrors the X00→XX0→XXX hierarchy.

Synonyms: On this page · Section list

See also
Tactile paving (detectable warning)
Surface with standardized domes/ribs that signals hazards or crossings and supports accessible wayfinding.

Synonyms: detectable warning, tactile tile

See also
Tag naming convention
A consistent pattern (e.g., LN1-HPU-PRES_OK) that keeps signals human-readable and unique across panels and systems.

Synonyms: tag schema

See also
Tagline (load control)
A control line attached to the load to manage orientation and dampen swing, improving placement precision and safety.

Synonyms: guide rope

See also
tailgating (access control)
Unauthorized following through a controlled throat without presenting new credentials; mitigated by throat design and interlocks.

Synonyms: piggybacking (vehicles)

See also
taxi rank pocket
A small pocket off the main loop where taxis can queue or dwell. Keeps clear-gaps intact and preserves stand-off.

Synonyms: taxi pocket

See also
TCO (Total Cost of Ownership)

All costs over life (capital, energy, maintenance, downtime, replacement) used for option comparisons.

Synonyms: lifecycle cost

See also
Tea staining (stainless)
Cosmetic brown staining on stainless, common in marine atmospheres. Mitigate via grade choice (e.g., 316), finish, and cleaning regimes.

Synonyms: —

See also
Technical Proposal Request (TPR)
A brief document proposing a specific resolution to an RFI or clash, including mark-ups and impacts on cost/programme.

Synonyms: proposal memo

See also
Temporary / event mode

Planned changes to array openings, devices, or operating modes to support events while maintaining agreed protection.

Synonyms: event reconfiguration

See also
Temporary bypass register
A register that records the reason, start/stop time, approvals, signage, and compensating measures for temporary safety circuit bypasses.

Synonyms: bypass log

See also
Temporary Works Coordinator (TWC)
The appointed professional who coordinates design, checks, permits and inspections for temporary works on site. Interfaces with MS/RA and permits.

Synonyms: —

See also
Tender query window
The tender query window is the fixed start–end period during which bidders may submit clarifications (RFIs). After it closes, new queries are deferred unless an addendum reopens Q&A. Numbering follows the project’s versioning rules.

Synonyms: RFI window · Q&A window

See also
Terminal mapping
Provides the physical path from PLC channel to field terminals so wiring, testing, and fault-finding are fast and unambiguous.

Synonyms: terminal schedule

See also
Test harness (controls)
Reusable tools (software/fixtures) to simulate inputs and commands during commissioning. Helps isolate faults without live traffic.

Synonyms: commissioning harness

See also
Test items

The item(s) forming a VSB system under test, together with their foundations and fixings.

See also
Test laboratory accreditation
Formal accreditation (e.g., ISO/IEC 17025) demonstrating a lab’s competence in vehicle impact testing and calibration traceability. Cite in submission packs.

Synonyms: lab accreditation

See also
Test systems

The complete setup for an impact test, including equipment, instrumentation, and any specific foundation configuration.

See also
Test vehicle impact speed

The speed of the test vehicle measured at a position no more than ~8 m before the intended point of impact.

See also
Test vehicles

Production model vehicles representative of local fleets, with unmodified chassis and standard front ends; may be modified only to restrain ballast without affecting behavior.

See also
Test video review set
A small, consistent set of stills/clips (impact, max intrusion, final rest) plus a wide→detail pair that lets reviewers verify angle, defend line, and debris paths.

Synonyms: video evidence set

See also
Test/Isolate switch
A keyed switch that routes inputs to a simulator and blocks actuator outputs during testing or maintenance; used with PTW/LOTO procedures.

Synonyms: maintenance isolate

See also
Test/Isolate switch (hydraulic)
A dedicated control that prevents unintended movement while connecting gauges or running flow/pressure tests on the HPU.

Synonyms: isolate for testing

See also
Tested orientation
The specified impact angle and direction applied during certification. Results may be orientation-dependent.

Synonyms: impact orientation

See also
Thermal alarm
A monitored temperature threshold that raises a local/remote alarm to protect electronics from overheating; typically forwarded to BMS/SCADA.

Synonyms: high-temp alarm

See also
Thermal zoning (enclosure)
Arrange hot and sensitive devices to create predictable airflow and temperature control that protects electronics.

Synonyms: heat zoning

See also
Third-Party Acceptance Test
A witnessed verification of installed systems by an external party, focused on conformity to design and safety intent. Often includes SAT steps and documentation.

Synonyms: third-party witnessing; independent acceptance

See also
Threat analysis

An evaluation that combines impact of loss and vulnerability ratings (often visualized in a risk matrix) to gauge the level of threat to a facility.

See also
Threat assessment

A structured assessment to identify credible threats and the likely consequences for people, property, and operations.

See also
Threat-led design

An approach that begins with the credible vehicle threat (type, speed, mass, approach) and sets HVM objectives, layout, and specification to counter it.

Synonyms: risk-led design, DBT-led design

See also
Throughput (bollard lane)
An operational capacity metric for automatic bollard lanes. Influenced by duty cycle, interlocks, and EFO/override logic.

Synonyms: lane capacity

See also
Throughput verification
Test method that measures achieved Ops/hour with actual safety cues and dwell times applied. Reports median, p95, and cycle-time variance.

Synonyms: capacity test

See also
Tier selection band
A performance band (speed/mass/penetration) within which multiple tested products may satisfy the same tier, subject to dependencies.

Synonyms: performance band

See also
Tier selection mis-match
A common review failure. Fix by revisiting the VDA and the Purpose/Tier Matrix.

Synonyms: tier mis-match

See also
Time sync policy
Rules for NTP servers, strata, and monitoring so ACS, PLCs, SCADA/BMS, and VMS produce aligned event timelines.

Synonyms: time synchronization

See also
Timestamp (evidence)
A precise date–time label used to align photos, videos, and PLC/HMI logs during review or incident analysis.

Synonyms: time stamp

See also
timing sample
An empirical data point (distance & time) used to estimate approach speed. Often captured with a phone and mapped to a GIS centreline.

Synonyms: distance–time sample

See also
TN earthing system
TN systems (TN-S, TN-C-S) use a solidly earthed source with dedicated protective earth conductors to equipment for fast fault clearing.

Synonyms: —

See also
Tolerance Budget
The planned apportioning of dimensional tolerances (fabrication, installation, ground movement) so total variation stays within the acceptance band for clear-gap.

Synonyms: tolerance allocation

See also
Tolerance stack-up
The combined effect of individual part tolerances that can shift clear gaps or alignment. Manage with a single master datum and defined acceptance bands.

Synonyms: accumulated tolerance

See also
Tolerance stacking
When several dimensional tolerances add up to reduce clear-gap. Consider set-out, manufacture, and reinstatement.

Synonyms: —

See also
Toolbox talk
A brief, focused safety talk delivered before work to highlight today’s hazards, controls, and responsibilities. Attendance is recorded.

Synonyms: TBT

See also
Toolbox-talk attendance sheet
A simple form recording names, roles, and signatures of those briefed. Stored as evidence under 716.

Synonyms: TBT sign-in

See also
Tools & spares kit (commissioning)
A minimal kit includes simulators, gauges, fuses, fasteners, oils and cleaning supplies to reduce downtime during SAT. See Commissioning Tools.

Synonyms: commissioning spares · field kit

See also
Topographic survey
A topographic survey captures levels, contours, and visible features to create a reliable base plan for design and set-out.

Synonyms: topo survey

See also
Torque audit
A verification step measuring key bolt torques against the specification following impact, maintenance, or replacement.

Synonyms: re-torque check

See also
Torque sheet
A signed record showing specified vs. achieved torque for anchors/bolts, including tool ID and calibration expiry. Stored with inspection forms.

Synonyms: torque log

See also
total cost of risk (TCOR)
Use TCOR to capture insurance impacts in ROI models.

Synonyms: TCOR

See also
Traceability index
An index page that maps each ITP check to the governing drawing/detail, revision, and stored evidence file(s), enabling fast reviewer verification.

Synonyms: traceability map

See also
Trade-off

A design decision that balances cost, performance, risk, maintenance, and program constraints to achieve objectives.

See also
Traffic calming

Highway design choices or physical measures that encourage lower speeds and safer driver behavior.

See also
Traffic management

Planning and measures that guide, divert, and separate vehicles to reduce hazards, congestion, and exposure of workers and users.

See also
Traffic management plan
A documented plan of diversions, barriers, signage, stewards, and timing to manage risks to road users and pedestrians during works.

Synonyms: TMP

See also
traffic signal aspect
The colored indication (e.g., steady red/green) presented by a lane signal that instructs drivers to stop or proceed.

Synonyms: —

See also
Training attendance register
A controlled sheet that captures names, roles, signatures, and IDs for each training session, filed as part of the evidence pack.

Synonyms: attendance sheet

See also
Training sign-off certificate
A document issued after assessments that confirms a trainee is competent for their role. Includes scope, pass mark, expiry, and ID.

Synonyms: training certificate

See also
Transmittal form
A simple cover sheet identifying sender/recipient, file list, revisions/status, and requested action. Often paired with a transmittal log.

Synonyms: document transmittal

See also
Transmittal log
A dated record of each submission with file names, revisions, and comments, used to track approvals and close queries efficiently.

Synonyms: submission log

See also
Trap space
An alcove or dead-end pocket near frontages that can concentrate crowd pulses. Treat with near-door spacing and corner chicanes.

Synonyms: pinch pocket

See also
Trench box
A protective shield placed in excavations to prevent wall collapse during works.

Synonyms: trench shield; trench shoring box

See also
Trend alarm (rate/persistence)
Combines rate-of-change and persistence rules to detect emerging faults (e.g., rising cycle time) before hard limits trip.

Synonyms: ROC alarm

See also
Trial pit (utility proving)
Controlled hand-dig excavation under a PTW to confirm a service’s location, depth, and type; photographs and logs feed the evidence pack.

Synonyms: test pit, proving pit

See also
Triggered sampling
A temporary rise in inspection/test frequency initiated by a fail or heightened risk. Used until consecutive passes restore confidence. Tie rules to the ITP and NCR closure steps.

Synonyms: escalation sampling

See also
Troubleshooting tree
A decision path that maps symptoms to likely causes and safe tests, referencing panel status, test points, and interlocks before authorizing return to service.

Synonyms: fault tree; diagnostic tree

See also
Trunking (panel wiring)
Plastic or metal slotted duct used to keep wiring tidy and segregated (power vs control) inside enclosures.

Synonyms: wiring duct

See also
Truth table (interlocks)
A compact table showing inputs (preconditions/inhibits) versus expected outcomes for each command. Basis for matrix row tests.

Synonyms: logic table

See also
Try-start check
A controlled attempt to operate equipment after LOTO is applied; no movement must occur. Evidence is recorded before work proceeds.

Synonyms: prove-out

See also
TT earthing system
TT systems use a local earth electrode at the consumer. RCDs are typically required for fault protection due to higher loop impedance.

Synonyms: —

See also
Turbidity
A quick indicator of silt content in discharge water. Many permits set a turbidity or suspended solids limit; use silt socks or settlement tanks to reduce it.

Synonyms: water clarity

See also
Turn-in tangent
The straight-line segment just before a vehicle begins its turning arc; place the first post just outside it to avoid clipping.

Synonyms: entry tangent

See also
Turning clearance
The swept path and width needed for legitimate vehicles to pass; check against vehicle access control goals and 325.

Synonyms: swept path

See also
Turning radius (approach)
The radius of the final turn in the run-up corridor, which constrains feasible approach speed.

Synonyms: entry radius

See also
Turnkey (contract model)
A procurement model where one contractor is accountable for design coordination, installation, commissioning, and handover. Reduces interface risk for as-tested configuration compliance.

Synonyms: EPC; design–build

See also
Two-person rule
A procedural safety measure where two authorized persons act together to trigger or reset certain functions (e.g., manual release or EFO recovery). It reduces single-point misuse. Align with authorization hierarchy and document in change control.

Synonyms: four-eyes principle

See also
Type page
A “Type page” frames options by context (frontage, lane, perimeter) and links to spacing, arrays, and foundations before product selection.

Synonyms: type guidance

See also

U

ULS (Ultimate Limit State)
Structural check to ensure the system resists design actions without collapse. Use for peak loads (impact, wind, seismic). Often paired with SLS.

Synonyms: ultimate limit state

See also
Uncertainty budget
A list of measurement and modelling uncertainties (timing, friction, angle, mass) combined into a margin that informs selected safety factors.

Synonyms: error budget

See also
Unedited test footage
Original video from approach to post-test inspection, with timestamps. Provide a link and include labelled stills showing the penetration line.

Synonyms: raw video

See also
Unladen mass

The test vehicle’s mass without ballast, including manufacturer-supplied equipment, oil, coolant, and a minimum fuel amount.

See also
Upgrade trigger
A defined condition—incident, policy change, or crowd growth—that initiates re-evaluation of the matrix and potential tier upgrades.

Synonyms: escalation trigger

See also
Utilities proof
A field process combining detection and trial pits to positively confirm depth/offset of buried services at bollard locations.

Synonyms: utility proving

See also
Utilities request log
A dated log of who was asked for utility records, what was received, and pending actions. Feeds early clash checks and depth choices for foundations.

Synonyms: utilities enquiry log

See also
Utilities schedule
A utilities schedule tabulates services (type, owner, accuracy class, depth/offset) and planned action (protect, divert, verify), linked to drawings and trial-pit logs.

Synonyms: services schedule

See also
Utility avoidance zone
A site-marked buffered area around known or suspected utilities where machine digging is restricted or prohibited. Helps prevent strikes during bollard works.

Synonyms: exclusion zone (utilities)

See also
utility strike
Unplanned contact with a buried service that can cause injury, outage, or cost. Mitigate via layered detection, hand-dig zones, and stop-work triggers.

Synonyms: service strike

See also
UV reflectance (coatings)
Higher reflectance reduces surface temperature and slows binder ageing. Pair with “cool pigments” to manage sun-load.

Synonyms: solar reflectivity

See also

V

24VDC I/O
Sourcing/sinking digital inputs/outputs at 24 VDC used for local status, permissives, and controls. Define polarity and common returns.

Synonyms: 24V I/O; DC I/O

See also
VACP

A controlled checkpoint used to screen and manage vehicle entry/exit to a protected area.

Synonyms: vehicle checkpoint

See also
valet forecourt
The immediate arrival area used for set-down and valet operations. Often includes short-stay lanes and pedestrian crossings.

Synonyms: hotel forecourt

See also
valet lane KPI
Operational metrics (e.g., cycle time, queue length, ops/hour) used to monitor arrival lanes and trigger corrective actions.

Synonyms: lane KPIs

See also
Value engineering (HVM)

Optimizing spec, depth, or type while preserving threat-led performance and rating dependencies.

Synonyms: VE

See also
Variable Message Sign (VMS)
A programmable roadside sign used to direct vehicles or crowds during temporary modes. Integrates with safety signalling plans.

Synonyms: message board

See also
Variant matrix
A manufacturer table mapping options (geometry, foundation, sleeves, accessories) to test reports and certificates for a product family.

Synonyms: test matrix

See also
Variation Order (VO)
A formal, client-approved change that updates scope, cost, or schedule. Logged against the configuration baseline with a Release ID and linked CR.

Synonyms: VO

See also
VBIED

An improvised explosive device emplaced in or on a vehicle to deliver an attack.

Synonyms: vehicle IED

See also
VDA

Vehicle Dynamics Assessment: analysis of routes, vehicle types and speeds to inform HVM strategy, crash rating selection, and barrier layout.

See also
VDA Worksheet
A project worksheet that records vehicle classes, run-up distances, approach angles, sensitivity bands, and results used in the Vehicle Dynamics Assessment report.

Synonyms: VDA template

See also
Vector band
A simplified angle range derived from VDA mapping that the array should face or align with to resist glancing routes.

Synonyms: angle band

See also
Vector diagram
A simple plan/photo graphic that plots approach lines, impact angle, and likely array orientation.

Synonyms: vector sketch; arrow diagram

See also
vector set (site)
A list of approach vectors to assess individually; the credible worst-case governs the rating and array layout.

Synonyms: approach set

See also
Vehicle access control

The physical and procedural control of vehicle movement through designated entrances and exits.

See also
Vehicle class envelope
An envelope captures plausible mass, payload, and geometry for a vehicle class so designs stay valid across models and years.

Synonyms: design vehicle envelope

See also
Vehicle Dynamics Assessment

An analysis of approach routes, likely vehicle types and speeds, and site constraints that informs HVM strategy, crash-rating selection, and bollard layout.

Synonyms: VDA

See also
Vehicle lift (impact)
A behaviour during impact where the vehicle pitches or rides up, risking override. Note in reviews and consider height/effective capture in array design.

Synonyms: override tendency

See also
Vehicle penetration

A penetration measurement reference defined by the standard (e.g., load platform front edge or defined datum point) used to quantify how far the vehicle intrudes beyond the datum line.

See also
Vehicle penetration distance

The maximum perpendicular distance from the barrier datum line to the defined vehicle datum point (per standard) achieved dynamically during impact or statically after impact—whichever is greater.

See also
Vehicle Restraint Measures (VRM)

Physical measures that influence vehicle behavior or path—e.g., car-park barriers, curbs, sharp corners, or ditches.

Synonyms: restraint features

See also
Vehicle Security Bollard System

An integrated vehicle security system with power sources, controls, and operating procedures to prevent, limit, or control vehicle access or to stop/redirect impacting vehicles.

Synonyms: VSB system

See also
Vent path (grout)
High-point hole or gap that confirms continuity and prevents voids during baseplate or socket grouting.

Synonyms: grout vent

See also
Verification of effectiveness
Follow-up checks and trend review confirming that corrective/preventive actions solved the issue and it does not recur.

Synonyms: VoE; effectiveness review

See also
Version note
A brief change summary (date, author, key edits) included with each circulated file or snapshot PDF for reviewer clarity.

Synonyms: change note

See also
Versioning (controls)

Assigning and recording software/logic versions across PLC/HMI to maintain traceability.

Synonyms: revision control

See also
verticality/rotation mark
Simple marks or an index plate used to check plumb (verticality) and orientation (rotation) during set-out and acceptance.

Synonyms: rotation index

See also
view corridor
A planned visual axis through the streetscape; arrays should respect these lines while maintaining clear-gap compliance.

Synonyms: protected vista

See also
VIP lane (airport)
A credentialed access route with interlocks, often mixed with fixed and automatic bollards to maintain security and throughput.

Synonyms: protocol lane

See also
VLAN (Virtual LAN)
A switch-level technique that separates traffic into isolated segments for security and performance. Use VLANs to split control, safety/status, and viewing networks.

Synonyms: virtual LAN

See also
Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC)
VOCs are organic chemicals that vaporize and contribute to smog and indoor air issues. Low-VOC coating systems reduce emissions during application and maintenance.

Synonyms: low-VOC

See also
Voltage drop

The reduction of voltage along a cable run due to conductor resistance; must be calculated to size conductors and ensure reliable operation of automatic bollards and controls.

Synonyms: line drop

See also
VPN (Virtual Private Network)
A secure, authenticated tunnel into the site network. Require MFA and a jump host to reach controls VLANs.

Synonyms: —

See also
VSB

Security barriers (including bollards) used to prevent potentially hostile vehicular access to a site.

Synonyms: vehicle security barrier

See also
Vulnerability assessment

A process following threat assessment to determine likely loss impacts and the site’s vulnerabilities, informing mitigation priorities.

See also

W

Warranty restoration window
The SLA limit for repair or temporary recovery after attendance. Often tiered by severity and backed by on-site spares.

Synonyms: repair window; fix window

See also
Waste transfer note
Record issued by a licensed carrier for each waste pickup, showing type, quantity, source, and destination; file in the handover pack.

Synonyms: consignment note

See also
Watchdog timer
Supervisory timer used to detect controller or device hangs. On expiry it forces a safe stop or reset.

Synonyms: heartbeat timer

See also
Water-blocking compound
Compounds used in cables/ducts to prevent capillary water travel toward enclosures, reducing ingress risk.

Synonyms: flooding compound

See also
Wayfinding
Wayfinding is the use of visual cues—colors, bands, lighting, or paving—to guide pedestrians and drivers around a site without confusion. Integrates with Sightlines & Signage.

Synonyms: navigation cues

See also
Weather downtime
Time periods when weather prevents planned tasks; note conditions, impact, and mitigation, with images filed under the logbook.

Synonyms: —

See also
Weep hole
A small opening in concrete or masonry that allows incidental water to drain out of pits or sleeves, reducing ponding and corrosion risk.

Synonyms: drain hole

See also
Wellpoint system
A dewatering method using closely spaced shallow wells connected to a header pipe and pump to achieve even drawdown around pits.Useful when granular soils and high inflow make sumps insufficient.

Synonyms: wellpoints; wellpoint dewatering

See also
Wet well (sump)
The pit that stores water, silt and debris before gravity outflow or pumping. Provide freeboard, basket, and safe access for service.

Synonyms: sump chamber

See also
Whitelist ownership
Governance definition for who adds, removes, and audits ANPR/credential lists, including sync frequency and approval path.

Synonyms: list custodian

See also
wide→detail photo set
Start with a wide shot, then medium, then close-up, marking the camera direction on plans. Improves evidence reproducibility.

Synonyms: photo ladder; photo progression

See also
Witness agenda
A concise timetable listing scripts, roles, safety brief, and sign-off points used during witnessed FAT/SAT sessions.

Synonyms: —

See also
Witness booking
Formal reservation of a reviewer’s attendance at a witness procedure, typically with prerequisites, evidence lists, and a cancellation policy.

Synonyms: witness scheduling

See also
Witness coverage
The required percentage of checks or tests observed by an authorized reviewer (e.g., 100% for safety, sampled for cosmetics). Defined in the ITP.

Synonyms: witness percentage

See also
Witness diary
A running log of observations, timings, queries, and decisions recorded during the SAT. It complements signed forms and supports the final report pack.

Synonyms: witness log

See also
Witness pack
A printed/digital bundle used during SAT containing scripts, checklists, evidence templates, drawings, certificates, and sign-off sheets. See SAT / Witness Procedure.

Synonyms: witness binder

See also
Witness point

A checkpoint in an ITP when the inspector must witness specific work before it continues.

Synonyms: hold point

See also
Witness procedure (SAT)

Formally observed SAT with documented steps, results, and sign-offs for acceptance.

Synonyms: SAT witnessing

See also
Witness script
A controlled sequence of actions, inputs, and expected outcomes read aloud and followed during SAT so evidence is consistent and repeatable.

Synonyms: test script

See also
Witness signature block
A standardized section of the test form where the technician, lead witness, and client/authority representative sign and date the result.

Synonyms: sign-off panel

See also
Witness statement
A brief, time-stamped record of what a person observed, focusing on facts (who/what/when/where) to support analysis and audits.

Synonyms: observer statement

See also
Woonerf (living street)
A street type that prioritizes walking and social use over vehicles, typically with very low speeds and shared priority. Useful to set conservative VDA assumptions.

Synonyms: living street

See also
Work order (maintenance)
A work order is a CMMS record that assigns maintenance tasks, parts, and evidence to a tagged asset with priority and SLA.

Synonyms: maintenance ticket

See also

X

Xref bundle
A delivery of DWG files where all external references are bound or included via eTransmit to avoid missing links at review.

Synonyms: eTransmit pack

See also

Z

Zero-energy verification
A check after isolation to verify no residual electrical, hydraulic, pneumatic, or gravitational energy remains before starting work.

Synonyms: prove-dead · test-for-dead

See also
Zip bundle recipe
A repeatable folder structure and CSV manifest used to package photos, videos, tests and records into a single ZIP for submission. Aligns with Submission-Pack Guidance.

Synonyms: ZIP structure; evidence bundle

See also